Vanity

Hairpins on the vanity—

I’ve lost count.

 

Fellow suburbanites,

the pedestrians outpace the growing

 

traffic, hair hovers above cul-de-sacs

like tentacles. Go out,

 

get stung. Letting the touching

do its work, I venture into

 

wires. I feel like a lover.

I feel sorry that sex

 

rarely happens in public.

Not that I’d be looking for it,

 

only stumble upon a couple

of fellow loners trying

 

to prove to their neighbors

they aren’t lonely.

 

No other way to convince

the jury, unless

 

a man grabs a gun

to blast billions of bullets,

 

and satisfies himself

that he can live without

 

Homo sapiens.

Nearby, imperious crows line up

 

on power lines. Momentary silence

before their firing squad of gazes—

 

spare me—I’ll return home—

the hair—accidental curios

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The Devil in Your Pants

Lying in my sleeping bag, I thought of three things: black eyes, round asses, and God. The boys from my youth group were stuffed in the storage room of a Protestant church. The girls were isolated down the hall. Sleep was impossible, but on the first night of our divine mission my restlessness was given a reprieve. Our leader, Geri, burst in screeching with an issue of Cosmo squashed in her fist.

 

Geri had to have been in her early twenties, but to us kids, she carried all the wisdom of the Lord. She routinely searched our belongings, and one of the girls had been cavalier enough to buy a secular—satanic—magazine at a pit stop on our bus ride from Sarasota to Miami. The girl cried outside in the hall.

 

“I want to send her home,” Geri said, “but it’s too late for that.” Her eyes welled up. “We’re here for a very important reason. We can’t let anything separate us from God. We’re here for Him.”

 

Geri had little breakdowns like that all the time. She’d shed tears for us kids whenever she smoked a cigarette: “I know with every puff Jesus suffers longer.”

 

I made sure I wasn’t exposing myself and walked over to her. “You would really send her back?”

 

She put her hand on my shoulder. This aroused me. As much as I was afraid of her, she gave me more attention than any of the girls in my middle school.

 

“Yes, Brett.” Her hair was messy and gold. “Don’t you realize the promise we made?”

 

Oh, I made a promise all right. I promised to give up everything for God: my possessions, dreams, thoughts—my goddamn identity. I was part of something larger than myself, or some bullshit like that. In order to finance the ugly school bus we took from Sarasota to Miami, I spent all summer mowing yards and raking leaves. I had entered a black hole for Jesus, and I was charged with saving pagan souls from it. That was our mission.

 

“I’ll pray this doesn’t happen again,” she said.

 

Everyone thanked her, not knowing what else to do, and then we returned to our polyester masturbation tombs. I wrapped up tight, touching my groin, but not loud enough for anyone to hear. The thick sleeping bag warmed my twig and acorns. Closing my eyes, I tugged my member and thought of Geri, but my rodeo was silent. I’d learned another kind of stealth at school. To prevent a fist from crashing into the back of my head, I studied my tormentors’ routines, let them walk down the hall before I did. I used the bathroom during class instead of on breaks to keep my head out of the toilet. I was a ninja at avoiding bullies, just not defending myself from them.

 

This was why I made my promise to Jesus. I would save souls in exchange for him saving me. Geri had seemed a strange instrument for his salvation, but I attempted not to question God. As long as the beatings stopped, the Lord could ferry Daffy Duck down from heaven to save me.

 

The next day we met the Miami pastor. He bounced in his chair and yanked tiny, green things from his beard. “I was a pimp,” he began. “I sold women. I sold myself. I worked as an enforcer sometimes.” He shook his head. “It’s not pleasant, hurting people.” After wrenching himself from the chair, he trudged back and forth and told us the tale of how he found Jesus.

“My wife and I were watching TV. The Preacher opened our hearts. Now I live for God.”

 

That’s right. A televangelist convinced him to love Jesus (and give up his money). This seemed completely normal to me at the time. God works in mysterious ways, they said. I worked all summer, so I could be shipped to Miami and sleep on the floor of a church whose pastor was a pimp.

 

This pimp was a hell of lot preferable to my best friend back home. A few months prior my best friend had punched me in the face during a laser light show. I disagreed with him about music, and so I lost the skin under my eyes. It was minor compared to what I was accustomed to, so I still slept over at his place that weekend. At least he didn’t beat me up all the time.

After the pastor finished, we handed out pamphlets in neighborhoods with windows shielded by iron bars. People either cussed us out or shared their mutual love of Jesus–ultimately accomplishing nothing. It was either A) “I love Jesus TOO” or B) “Fuck off, children.”

 

There was one miracle, however. Geri wore tiny little silk shorts that showed off her pumpkin-sized booty. It was that day I discovered my sexual orientation: big-booty-o-sexual. I wasn’t Catholic, but my personal Protestantism had its only holy trinity: the father, the son, and Sir-Mix-a-Lot.

 

Geri turned to me. “We’re saving a lot of lives today, Brett.”

 

“No one’s really changed their mind.”

 

She gripped my wrists. “God knows what he’s doing.”

 

I nodded. Her words calmed me, and I really believed them. God was looking down on us, admiring his chosen instruments doing his work. And how could I not be spellbound by this delusion? It was a relief to be away from the kids back home dragging me across the baseball field by the legs. No one flicked my ears from the desk behind me. No one sucker-punched me for my lunch money. I didn’t have to endure a room full of kids laughing at my gym attire because someone broke into my locker during P.E. and stole my clothes. Sure, people slammed their doors in our faces, but it was heavenly compared to physical assault. If following Geri’s bouncing cinnamon buns under the light of God wasn’t deliverance, I didn’t know what was.

 

After wasting paper all day, our traveling circus lingered at a basketball court. Geri was still riled up like a crack fiend, but our other youth group leader, a self-important prick named Chuck, decided we needed a rest. Unlike Geri, Chuck had no redeeming qualities. Unless you count being old and rich as redeeming. He never let up on me. Every night, he barked at me about my untidy sleeping bag or lectured me about the evils of loose women and The Simpsons. His favorite topic of conversation was about how much money he donated to our church back home. “Kept it alive,” he said.

 

On the court, a boy rimmed out a shot and said, “Shit.” Chuck whispered “Shoot” to make sure our ears hadn’t been soiled, which made me want to shout “Eat a dick” into his tender lobes. Instead I read through the pamphlet for the twentieth time. The kid cursed again, and Chuck shook his head like he just heard about a baby getting run over by a truck.

 

On the way back to the labor camp, we passed a voodoo shop. Well, in retrospect it was probably just a store that sold bongs and Ouija boards, but Chuck and Geri steered us away from it like it was Satan’s private sex dungeon. I broke rank and ran over to it.

 

“Brett, stop. It’s too dangerous,” Chuck cried.

 

I didn’t look back. I’d made no progress knocking on doors, and if I could save just one soul from the fiery pits of hell, I’d march right into the heart of the devil’s ballsack, and all the schoolyard beatings would be worth it. Chuck could swallow his words along with his fluffy mustache for all I cared. I marched into the shop and tossed the pamphlet on the counter in front of the clerk.

 

The guy behind the counter eyeballed it, and then he winced at me for a few seconds before hissing, “Out… OUT.”

 

Back at the church, Geri, Chuck, and the pastor went at me three-on-one.

 

“You need to listen when we tell you not to do something,” said Chuck.

 

“This isn’t why we came here,” said Geri.

 

The pastor quivered, his face paling. “There are some places too dangerous to go, son. Demons stalk their walls.”

 

I looked at Geri. “Isn’t this what we came here for?”

 

She walked over to a table and sat down.

 

The pastor continued. “There is war between light and darkness. We can save some from the darkness, but we can’t enter it.”

 

I walked over to Geri. “Why shouldn’t we try to save everyone?”

 

She mumbled something and shook her head.

 

“This isn’t why we came here,” she repeated.

 

“Then why did we then?” I asked.

 

“Don’t talk back to adults,” said Chuck.

 

The pastor paced around. “Demons,” he said. “Darkness. War.”

 

I wouldn’t leave Geri. “Shouldn’t we try to save, you know, everybody?”

 

She stood up from the table and said, “We don’t know God’s plan,” before leaving the room.

 

“Brett, I told you—”

 

“Yes, Chuck. You’re right.” I whispered cock face under my breath.

 

As I walked back to my sleeping quarters, the pastor kept on. “Devil’s home. Can’t cross the line.”

 

This was the first time Geri had ever not known God’s plan. She was my constant in deciphering what the Almighty wanted from us.

 

My first memory of her was when I was twelve. She supervised children making crafts for a pageant at my church. As I cut through red construction paper, she asked me if I was going to heaven.

 

This struck me as a silly question. I hadn’t murdered anyone, and hell was for really bad people.

 

“Actually, real Christians ask Jesus to come into their hearts,” she told me.

 

“And ones that don’t go to hell?”

 

“You can’t enter God’s kingdom without asking Him to come into your heart.”

 

That a particular phrase must be uttered, like a password, to get into heaven short-circuited my radio to Jesus. I was an adolescent, and she spoke like someone who knew shit, so I bought it.

 

Jesus, please come into my heart.

 

I said the phrase. Jesus, please come into my heart. Jesus, please come into my heart. Jesus, please come into my heart. Was I glad to have that task scratched off my list! I imagined hell as a giant desert with people burning on stakes as a minotaur poked them with pitchforks. That I might fry there for all eternity for not saying the right phrase made my bladder hurt.

After I became accustomed to being in the saying-the-right-phrase club, I annoyed my friends into saying it too. Do you accept Jesus into your heart? You have to accept him into your heart.

 

But I didn’t really know what that meant. Not exactly.

 

With the beatings I took from other kids in school, day after day, year after year, the main thing that brought me any relief was biking over to the local comic book shop every month and reading the latest issue about the mutant team. I didn’t have many friends, especially ones I could count on, but I did have my comic books. One day, I snuck an X-Men comic in at youth group. Not wanting to be scolded, I hid it in my jeans under my t-shirt.

 

Spotting a lump in my jeans, Geri loomed over me.

 

“Brett, what did you bring into this holy place?”

 

“Nothing.”

 

“It looks like you have something there. Hand it over.”

 

I didn’t budge.

 

Geri leaned close. “You got the devil in your pants. Don’t ya?” Her hot breath made the hairs on my arms rise.

 

“What?”

 

“The devil. You got the devil in your pants.” She glared at the lump in my pants as a smaller lump grew beside it.

 

I shook my head no.

 

“Give it over.” She extended a firm hand.

 

Taking a last look at Wolverine on the cover, I relinquished it. “It’s just a comic book,” I said.

 

She scanned the pages with fire in her eyes. “You shouldn’t have brought this here. I’m going to store it away for safekeeping.”

 

“You’re not going to give it back?” My neck tightened up.

 

“No. You don’t need things that take you away from God.”

 

“It doesn’t.”

 

She grinned. “Then why can’t you give it up?”

 

“Because. Because I love it.”

 

“Exactly,” she retorted and walked off with my comic book.

 

I followed her. “You can’t take that from me.”

 

“You lost it the second you brought it here.”

 

My body trembled. “You can’t take it.”

 

“If you won’t sacrifice all your earthly possessions to Jesus then you haven’t really taken him into your heart.”

 

“So, I’ll go to hell if I don’t stop reading comics?”

 

She became solemn. “Anyone who doesn’t fully give themselves to God will go to hell.”

 

All I had were those comics.

 

“Give it back or I’ll leave youth group forever.”

 

She laughed. “Don’t be silly, Brett.”

 

“I mean it.”

 

“We’ll see about that.”

 

When I left that night, I thought I’d never return. A few weeks later, however, my rebellious spirit broke, and I was back listening to diatribes about the evils of rap music and Bill Clinton. I read comics less often, and when I did allow myself to sin a little I couldn’t indulge my superhero thirst without pangs of guilt sullying the experience.

 

On our mission trip our main targets for convincing others to say the magical phrase ended up being the children of parents who couldn’t afford daycare. The little nuggets were left for us to attend to at the church. One boy in particular stood out to me. He had dark bruises on his arms and didn’t play with the other children. As I tried to get him to smile, an alarm blared inside me. When you’ve been through enough abuse, it’s easy to recognize it.

 

The other kids in the youth group either didn’t notice or didn’t care. They were happy preaching that Jesus was Lord and savior to kids, many who were Hispanic and could barely speak a lick of English. When it was clear I couldn’t save the bruised kid’s skin, I tried to save his soul. I had no such luck. He wouldn’t say a word. The other youth members managed to get their prospective clients to say the phrase. The kids had no idea what they were saying, but that didn’t stop the youth group from celebrating like heroes.

 

Later that night, we held hands in a prayer circle. Geri wasted no time lamenting our wickedness. “I’m so sorry, God,” she said. “I’m sorry for all of our sinning. We don’t deserve you, but we will be your instrument.” It wasn’t long before the tears were flowing.

 

Another teenager in the youth group, Damian, leaned over to me. “How broken is your instrument?” he asked.

 

I smothered laughter as Geri wailed on.

 

“Help us, Lord. Use these children,” she said with tears plopping down her face. “Now sing, everyone.” She started for us: “Our God—” she sang through her snivels, “is an awesome God—.” Snot poured down her chin. “He reigns”—I closed my eyes— “from Heaven above” —she crooned, “with wisdom, power, and love—.”

 

Damian snickered, but I kept my head down.

 

“Our God—is an awesome God.”

 

Damian patted me on the shoulder. I opened my eyes as she repeated the refrain, and a long thread of snot swung back and forth from her nose. It almost reached her legs, but the booger didn’t break.

 

She returned to prayer. “Jesus, help us. Guide us.” The snot swung even more precariously.

 

I bit my hand to keep myself from laughing, but when I looked over at Damian we both lost it. Our laughter didn’t stop her, though. She finished her prayer, snot dangling from her nose like a limp dick.

 

After waking from another night tickling my balls so quietly you’d think I was tunneling my way out of prison, Geri invited me to make crafts with her. She wanted to decorate the church. I agreed, but the forbidden nature of the voodoo shop still bothered me.

 

“I’m proud how much you’ve grown as a Christian,” she said.

 

“You think so?”

 

“You’ve come a long way.” She stared at me intensely.

 

“Have I?”

 

She put her hand on my shoulder. “I know it’s hard. Maybe when we get back to Sarasota you can come over and have a beer sometime.”

 

I didn’t know how to respond to this offer.

 

“We can talk about whatever you want,” she said.

 

A numbness spread through my chest. “What would you do if you were given proof that there was no God?”

 

Cocking her head to the side, she said, “But that’s impossible because God is real.”

 

“Yeah,” I said, “but what if there was proof that He didn’t exist?”

 

She gazed up at the ceiling and shook her head. “I don’t know. I can’t imagine my life without God. I guess if that happened, I’d just believe in Him anyway.”

 

I sleepwalked through the last two days of converting Miami’s doomed sinners into Christians. By that point we had all the children standing on a stage together and repeating the line in unison: I accept Jesus into my heart. I accept Jesus into my heart. I accept Jesus into my heart.

 

While the rest of the youth group beamed and said things like “It’s a miracle” and “Praise Jesus,” I just sat in silence watching the bruised boy. He remained silent. The image of him is still seared into my memory: dirty hair and bruised eyes. On the last day, I approached Geri.

 

“I know something bad is happening to him,” I told her.

 

“Just focus on saving him,” she said.

 

I couldn’t save him or Geri. I couldn’t even save myself.

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Imperfect Memory

Eating Moors and Christians, by Sandra M. Castillo

CavanKerry Press, 2016

90 pages, paperback, $16

Emerging Voices Series

 

Cover of Eating Moors and Christians by Sandra M. Castillo

 

Sandra M. Castillo’s bilingual poetry book, Eating Moors and Christians, begins with an acknowledgement of her intentions:

 

Here, memory stumbles, and we rewrite the past, float through the surface of history, what it must have surely been like, galleries of lies and obsessions, a piñata of subjectivity cón lenguaje de sentimentalismo.

 

Castillo promises an exploration of imperfect memory intersecting with the subjective and sentimental interpretation of history, and her book delivers. Told in three parts, this collection of poems reads as though the reader is flipping through a personal photo book from the Cuban speaker’s past. Ekphrastic descriptions and allusions to photographs from her childhood home in Cuba and her exiled adolescence in Miami are juxtaposed with stories of the roles her parents and grandparents and tías and tíos (aunts and uncles) played in the Revolution, as well as her own journey back to the homeland decades later as an adult. As a result, the whole collection reads as a series of vibrant snapshots, providing the reader with an intimate glimpse of Cuban life during this tumultuous time of transition.

 

Castillo confronts the conflict of Cubans’ dual identity throughout the collection. In a dream described in “Leavings,” the speaker remembers her aunt calls her to come to America:

 

 TíaVelia waves,

 signaling for us to come,

 

 her tall body wrapped in a blue and red

 airmail envelope, like a cloak.

 

 but I hesitate…

 

The speaker is entranced by the idea of life in America, and though her family urges her toward safety in this new land, she hesitates: Part of her wishes to remain in Cuba, her home and an integral part of her identity. In “Unearthing the Remains,” the speaker has become accustomed to life in America, yet notes:

 

 Separated by the Caribbean, secret underwater mines,

 a revolution, ninety miles of nostalgia, a new language,

 I no longer remembered myself.

 I had become someone else, the Other,

 a stranger, a skeleton of whom I might have been.

 

She acknowledges that the trip to Florida and her settlement abroad has alienated her from her homeland, and forced her to grow into someone different than she may have been if she had stayed in Cuba. In yet another poem, when she goes back to visit Cuba, the speaker revisits this idea of nonbelonging, and notes how she and her family are greeted with suspicion, “Other, “aquí, / en nuestra tierra natal” [here, in our native land]. Both in the United States and in Cuba, Castillo’s speaker is “Other.” No matter where she resides, she does not belong.

 

Eating Moors and Christians explores the many ways Cubans may not belong, and how these varied circumstances often bring an undercurrent of fear. This fear often manifests in Castillo’s poems with a recurrent aversion to water and concern about not knowing how to swim, or of the violence of men. She uses vibrant similes like “an engine that exploded / like a violent husband” and “he grabs me, squeezes me, / as if picking tropical fruit” to illustrate the severity and nuance of the conflicts faced by Cubans, even in their own culture.

 

Braided within these intensely personal vignettes are snapshots of how Cubans made do with life on the island, as well as how claimed Cubans, those with relatives who sponsored them in the US, like the speaker, made it to America yet continued to look back toward the homeland. In the title poem Eating Moors and Christians, which is nestled in the third and final section of the book, Castillo’s speaker describes a reenactment of La Reconquista over a meal of white rice and black beans, noting that they (the rice and the beans) are “cooked together until the rice is brown, mestizo”—deliberately using the Spanish term for people of mixed heritage to draw the connection between black Moros and white Cristianos. Here is the heart of Cuban people and of the book: a mixture that creates something new.

 

When considering Cuba, Castillo’s speaker identifies: “This is where I come from, a place that exists in photographs I never owned.” But in addition to reminiscing about the memories brought up by the photographs she’s found, Castillo’s speaker also addresses the role of being the photographer with a questionable lens. When considering life in Cuba post-revolution in “La Lisa, Marianao 15, La Habana, Cuba,” the speaker states:

I photograph it all with Catholic grief, our mosaic of sin and guilt, this slow blur into the past, mourn the loss, todo lo perdido, in this, the city of my dreams where everything and nothing has changed.

Toward the end of the collection, the speaker confirms: “I am a camera, dedicated flash.” Indeed, she is. In this collection, Castillo has captured the Cuban people, cuerpo y alma, as they were, as they are, and as they will be.

 

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Timelord Dreaming

You wake in the middle of the night with a terrible pain radiating from your lower side up to your chest. An ambulance is called, and you’re rationed ever increasing doses of morphine on your way to the hospital. In the EW, a heart attack is ruled out but the mystery intensifies. Until a CT scan reveals the truth…

 

“You”, in this case, was the author, who, with the kindness of a Dr Who understudy and other medical staff at the Mater Hospital, Brisbane, survived a urgent operation and had many medicated days to reflect on an often surreal experience.

 

Timelord Dreaming uses “tweetems”, microtexts with Internet call-outs, to recreate one man’s journey through the parallel universes of patient and personal identity. If you’ve ever been hospitalised, you’ll find much that is familiar – and not always comfortable – here.

Book Excerpt

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Interview: Sandra Castillo

Sandra M Castillo was born in Havana, Cuba, and moved to Miami, Florida, in 1970.  She received her MA in creative writing from Florida State University.  In 2002 she was awarded the White Pine Press award in poetry for her collection My Father Sings to My Embarrassment (2002).  Her work has appeared in publications including The North American Review, The Connecticut Review, Cimarron Review, The Florida Review, Little Havana Blues, and Paper Dance: 52 Latino Poets.

 

Castillo’s poems are threaded with history, not just the history of the many family members and friends who take shape with her words, but with the history of Cuba and those living the exile experience.  But for all the broader issues her pieces touch on, they are never far from the deeply personal, never uncolored by her lyrical presence in the stories being told.

 

Danielle Kessinger for The Florida Review:

What made you choose the title Eating Moors and Christians for this work?

 

Sandra M. Castillo:

I’d never written about food, which is really funny because we always think about culture and the easiest way into cultures is through food. You think Cuban—you think Cuban food.  And I’d never really tried to write about food, and I wondered how I would do that. And some years back there was local poetry being paired up, poets being paired up with chefs, and somebody said to me, “Oh, do you want to participate?” And I was like, “No. I am not that cool. I wouldn’t even know how to write about food. No. Thank you though, but no.” And then I thought, subsequently, Why can’t I write about food? I should be able to write about food. I should be able to write about whatever else that I want. It took me a really long time to figure out that in writing about food you’re really writing about something else.

 

And so I was in Cuba in 2006, which was the last year that my mother and I were able to go because that’s the year that the George Bush administration changed the policy about who qualified to go to Cuba. I thought that was going to be our last year visiting in the summer. So we found ourselves there eating moros y cristianos, which is what they really call black beans and rice when you cook them together. And I thought, Wow, it’s a whole legacy of colonialism here. That’s the poem food. And there we were in Havana, after the revolution to post-exile-experience, eating moros y cristianos, Moors and Christians. And there seemed to be a lot wrong with that. So I thought this was the way to do it.

 

TFR:

Now that there are more public flights leaving, how does that change the perspective of the exile experience, and how does that impact what you’re approaching as topical?

 

Castillo:

I think I’m still dealing with how you talk about the exile experience. How do you even talk about Cuba or what it means to be Cuban American? I was at work when I first heard that diplomatic relations had been restored, and I gotta tell you, I wept like an idiot. I was thinking, I never thought I would get to see that in my lifetime. I just didn’t think that was going to ever be possible. And for somebody who had not been able to go since 2006, by virtue of the change of policy, I thought, “Oh my gosh, the opening of US-Cuba relations. This is amazing! This is like having a front row seat to openness.” We’ve needed to be there for a long, long time. The embargo was a failure. It’s a crazy policy that goes back to the dark ages of the Cold War. I think this was a political blessing of sorts. Now I just need to talk my way into being brave enough to be able to go back since I haven’t been there since 2006.

 

TFR:

So you haven’t gone back since the change in policy?

 

Castillo:

No, my mother’s always my passport to Cuba. I always think I need a passport and that’s really my mother because the relatives that remain are relatives of hers, distant family. But it’s a way back into the past and I haven’t gone.  We’re talking now about going this summer. I’m really interested in seeing what’s going to happen, what feels different but there’s a sense of openness that I’m pretty happy with and thankful that the president who did this was Barack Obama.

 

Now, I’m worrying about the Trump presidency and what this will mean for US-Cuba relations. But I can only hope that because he’s so pro-business, this is sort of like a mixed blessing of sorts, that he’ll see Cuba as an opportunity to maintain the openness of the relationship. But by the same token, I’m afraid that they’ll turn Cuba into what it used to be in the 1950s, and that’s not a good thing.

 

TFR:

It is hard to know.

 

Castillo:

I’m as weary of that and what’s going to happen with that restoration of diplomatic relations as I am about this impending presidency.

 

TFR:

So much of this work in particular is suffused with nostalgia.

 

Castillo:

Which is a disease.

 

TFR:

I was reading an interview with you where you mentioned Jack Kerouac, and I was thinking about how I hadn’t realized that he had written Dharma Bums in central Florida. Re-reading that novel and thinking of him being in Florida, it became totally different because then it has this sense of nostalgia I’d never realized it had before. Do you feel like where you are writing impacts what you write? Do you find yourself being more nostalgic when in Miami, or if you’re writing elsewhere, writing back towards where you came from?

 

Castillo:

I don’t think where you write is necessarily as important as what it is that you’re writing about. Because essentially whatever nostalgia exists in the work, you’re bringing into it by virtue of the fact that you’re recreating place and place is in your mind and so whatever place you’re creating, it’s already viewed with that sense of nostalgia. My fascination with Kerouac was that I think in a lot of ways he was an immigrant. He actually didn’t learn to speak English until I think he was six or eight years old. So, he had that sensibility about him. And I think much of what he wrote was really about where he was from, Lowell, Massachusetts. And he was trying to create place using language. And I think part of the exile experience is in the essence just that. You are trying to visit a place that no longer exists, so we create it. I think we just drag that nostalgia into it, and it’s not necessarily a positive thing. But I think it’s sort of inevitable because it goes with that sense of loss that Kerouac said, “I accept lostness forever.” Right? So there’s nothing else you can do. Just embrace it.  But, at the same time, much of what I wrote in the book is really about coming to that place of understanding that the past is gone. You’ll never get there.

 

TFR:

Do you feel nostalgia is a natural state for poets, always looking back at some loss of what could or could not be?

 

Castillo:

Inevitably. We were talking earlier about titles and getting drawn in by titles and I do this thing where I look at a poetry book, and I open it, and does it pull you in? And I think that the allure for me in people’s work, and it doesn’t matter what poet it is, is that commitment to place. And I think inevitably, that comes from that place of nostalgia. Even though it’s not sentimental because, sentimentality, I could do away with. The idea of that lure, which is what I think nostalgia is, a lure back into the past. And really, I think we all have it. Just poets try to recreate it, visit it over and over and over again. If you’re Cuban, I think you just can’t escape it.

 

TFR:

You often refer to photographs in this work.  Do you look at photographs as a doorway to explore?

 

Castillo:

My uncle lived with us when I was a child in Cuba, and he was a photographer. And he turned our bathroom into a darkroom. And so, as a kid, the photos were always hanging. He created this little clothesline. And I remember thinking about place as something that could be captured in these photos, these still lives of everything around us. And we always thought that our lives in Cuba were sort of transient because we always knew we were going to go. It’s like if you’re in exile, you always knew at some juncture you might leave the island. But in looking back, and even in living with those photographs, it’s almost like he was trying to freeze time, and that photography somehow enabled you to do that, to capture it, to hold it. And I think about memory like that, where it’s not moving pictures. It’s actually still images. So I find that, especially in this book, I think that’s what I’m doing. I think those are photos, and I’m using language to do what my uncle was doing when I was a kid.

 

TFR:

You’re doing it with words.

 

Castillo:

I think so.

 

TFR:

That’s lovely.

 

Castillo:

So there is that. But I’m also quite visual, and that’s how I think about things. So I’m always trying to frame it. And I think that’s what it is. I mean at its simplest.

 

TFR:

When I got to the back of the book, I was surprised to find that you had a glossary.

 

Castillo:

Oh yeah. [laughter]

 

TFR:

When writers have multiple languages to play with, I find language and word choice even more interesting.  This book has predominantly English peppered with Spanish.

 

Castillo:

Right.

 

TFR:

Did you start the poems in English when you wrote them?

 

Castillo:

I did. I do. Always.

 

TFR:

And the choice of when to use Spanish? The Spanish words just come out naturally?

 

Castillo:

They do. I think that there are some things that you can only really talk about in Spanish, particularly when you have all the baggage of the Cuban Revolution. It’s a complicated story because the political is personal, and the personal is political, and our lives are packed in with all of this history that had tremendous impact on our lives, sort of like being defined against your will. And so, I find that I need the Spanish to tell the story. So, even though I think in English, and I’ve spent more than half my life in the United States, that part of me that is Cuban, I need to access it in the language of home which is the Spanish. So I throw my Spanish around.

 

TFR:

Did you debate over having a glossary or not, just leaving the Spanish as is? Your glossary, it’s not just saying what the word means, but the context of the word.

 

Castillo:

I was trying to do that. I actually did a lot more than that, and the press said, “Nah, that one is self explanatory.” So they edited it down a little bit. I didn’t know if the title would make sense if you’re not Cuban, and I wanted to provide a larger context for talking about the exile experience. Because I think that while I am talking about being Cuban and an immigrant, I think that those experiences, those themes, that sense of loss and displacement, that’s not unique to me as a Cuban American. It is whoever had to move for political reasons, historical reasons, to some other place. But at the same time, the particulars I think needed to be qualified and quantified. And so I thought, “Well, okay so let me just kinda provide a context.” So, I don’t know if it’s helpful or not. Nobody’s given me any feedback on that.

 

TFR:

It was interesting reading not just the meaning, but kind of the context of it, because Spanish is very much a language that depends on the country, the place, or origin.

 

Castillo:

That is true. Yeah, absolutely.

 

TFR:

Do you have pieces that you do more fully in Spanish and pepper with English references?

 

Castillo:

Sometimes I worry that I did too much. I’m reading today, and I was thinking, Okay I don’t know what the makeup is going to be of the audience. Do I need to do more poems that don’t have that much Spanish? And that’s always kind of hard to gauge because you don’t know and you find yourself translating. I feel like I’m always trying to provide a context. And so, when I write in Spanish, I always feel like I have to kind of keep myself in check. Did I do too much? And there are several poems in there that I think maybe I did too much, but I don’t know. Nobody has complained yet.

 

TFR:

I think it comes across as very natural and your words are just as they should be.

 

Castillo:

Oh good, thank you [chuckle]. Thank you very much.

 

TFR:

You have a lot in here about your family. Do they participate at all in approving the pieces that feature them?

 

Castillo:

That’s really interesting. My sisters always worry about what I say about them, and they’re the only ones that say, “Please don’t read that poem about blah blah blah.” And so, they’ll kind of say, “So and so is coming. Don’t read that poem.” My mother is interesting in her response because I always say to her, “Listen I’m gonna tell this story.” And she’ll go, “Do you really have to?” And I always say, “Yes, so I’m just telling you.” And then she never asks me, “Well, what did you say?” And she doesn’t read it. I just give it to her. “Okay, I said this and I said this and I said that and I hope that’s okay.” And sometimes she’ll frown heavily, but she’ll never say, “Oh, you shouldn’t have done that.” She’s never said any of that. And I think my other relatives don’t know.

 

TFR:

Have you ever had a piece that you decided to leave out of a collection because of this?

 

Castillo:

There’s a poem in there I wondered if I should have included at all. And I’ve never read it out loud. I did a presentation at Tallahassee Community College two and a half weeks ago and I didn’t read it. I’ve never read it. And a student came up to me afterwards and said, “I want to talk to you about this poem.” And I thought, Wow. Wow really? And he was a young man, and he said, “I found it really curious that you wouldn’t have read it.”

 

And it’s the one called “Porn.” I don’t know if you had the chance to look at that. And no one knows that I wrote that poem. I was sexually molested when I was a kid. And it’s the kind of poem that I don’t think I need to ask anybody for permission to tell that story. It’s my story. It happened to me. That’s exactly what happened. And I think it’s one of those things that, had I said anything to anyone, I would have been told not to tell that story. But I think as writers, if the experience belongs to you and it did, you just have to claim it and then deal with the fall-out later. And that’s one of those poems. I don’t know if that answers your question.

 

TFR:

No, no it does. Do you feel that sometimes even asking someone about a poem is giving them permission to say, “No, don’t use it.”

 

Castillo:

Yes. And sometimes I tell them afterwards, “I wrote about this,” as opposed to, “I’m going to do it.” The first poem of the collection, “El Bayú”—this story I only found out about recently. My grandmother was somehow running some kind of bordello. I was like, What? Are you kidding me? I mean that’s just a crazy story that I verified. That’s indeed something that happened. And there was no way I was asking anybody for permission to tell that story. It was told to me, I verified it, and I told the story. I don’t think my father would be too happy that I told it either.

 

TFR:

So much of your poetry explores history. Do you feel that when you’re living in a time that feels like it’s more heavily creating significant history that there is a pressure to commit to writing about the present?

 

Castillo:

Speaking as a Cuban American who lived in a time when things were so volatile, I think that history isn’t something that’s separate from our daily lives. And I think that when you’re born in the “Third World,” you come to understand that historical events directly impact our lives. That you can’t say, “Oh well I’m not worried about that,” because you see the response immediately. This is going to impact my life in a way that I will never be able to get past. You think about exile, all the things that had to have happened historically for me to even be here, to be the person that I am. So that whole concept of history shapes and defines us against our will. You can’t escape that. And, as immigrants, I think because we grow up in it, you understand that. Americans don’t have that experience in the same way, because events seem further away and it takes longer for you to feel the impact.  You don’t get a revolution but you do get a presidency that we’re still grappling with. And so it’s gonna be interesting to see. I’m really interested in seeing how writers and poets respond to this presidency. What’s going to happen? And is this the beginning of another civil rights movement? There is already that move towards people mobilizing to express concerns about women minorities, etcetera. So this is new. And I’m looking forward to what writers have to say about that. This is one of those events that we’re gonna have to deal with.

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Poems about What We Call Things

First Name

My mother calls my name with three

short a‘s tangled in roots of dandelions.

 

Gold tufts that grow no matter who tries

to pull them up. These a‘s hide in the black

 

crescent of dirt under my nails and swallow

my s’s when my young tongue is learning

 

how to say my name. My grandmother calls me

to her kitchen stool with three glass-blown

 

a‘s perched on my vertebrae: all feather, royal

red stretching a thread the length of my spine,

 

drawing me up tall and narrow. These a’s

are helium on the roof of her mouth. She

 

inspects my nails and scrubs the moons clean.

 

 

Those ducks in the baseball field are plastics bags.

 

The caterpillar

on the window frame

is chipped paint.

 

That old maple tree

melting through chain link

is your neighbor’s

 

outstretched hand.

The alarmed flight

of sandhill cranes

 

is your window A/C unit.

The man thrown

into the street

 

is a stop sign

swept in headlights.

You are not waiting

 

alone at the bus stop

is an oak tree.

A raccoon curls

 

into the storm grate.

You uncross your arms.

The crow looks up

 

from his preening.

The man blossoms

in your chest

 

and before you shout

he does not step off the curb

into the green light.

 

 

Maiden Name

When I marry, I lose half the syllables

in my last name—a decision to sell

 

the dining table in a yard sale

because of who it reminds me of and not

 

because it isn’t sturdy. Unmoored

my signature sinks below the line

 

on my grocery store receipts

and cuts the paper dolls holding hands

 

at the wrist. None of us knew the West

Virginia tobacco farmer whose name

 

we’ve practiced. We hardly know each other,

but when I had all my syllables we appeared

 

like sisters. You can see we all have the same

square hands, are missing the same teeth.

 

I crowd documents with various combinations—

the given, sold, and stolen names—as if lifted

 

from the shelves of an airport gift shop.

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Surface Stress – Structure Strain: The Psychology of Architecture in Baltimore and Nagasaki

These paintings, which attempt to describe the complexity of structures, serve as  psychological portraits of the people of Baltimore, Maryland, and Nagasaki, Japan. Boarded up doors and windows trap the dark secrets of these poor dwellings. Degraded humans and distraught ghosts wander through these dark places. Inferences to the human psyche are enmeshed in each gash, hole, and sloppy patch.

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Redemption

This series of photographs examines the abandoned prison cells of Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Penitentiary subscribed to a theory of rehabilitation that proscribed confinement and a lack of interaction with other inmates. This ran counter to the prevailing system in the United States at the time where harsh physical punishment was the norm. Ideas of church and religious experience are embodied in the building and served as a guide for how prisoners should be rehabilitated: hallways looked like that of a church; low doorways required one to bow and seek penance from a greater power; and a single small skylight, acting as the “eye of God” lit each cell.

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Three Poems

DROS

Ten days later, after the mandatory

state waiting period, I pick up my gun.

The dealer gives me shit, says I didn’t bring

the right kind of second i.d. “A gas bill,”

he says, as if I’m stupid, “an electric bill,”

or a “house cable bill. Nothing else.

Repeat it.” I repeat it like a jackass.

My wife emails me the cable bill and he

still won’t accept it. Ambles to the back

to ask the owner. At this point, I know

he has it in for me. Something he doesn’t

like—I’d bet it was my wife having to

help me. I sniffed the misogyny on him.

Finally, his boss says it’s a go and he

halfheartedly slides the sword-silver box

to me, my dummy rounds, my box of ammo.

I’m thinking people like the gun dealer

are the reason I’m walking out of the store

with my new gun, a Beretta PX4 Storm,

people, who for no reason gave me shit.

People who just knew they could and so

they did. But it’s mine now, and more,

my gun-hating wife helped me buy it.

I place the bag, as if it were groceries,

in my trunk, merge into traffic, relieved.

 

Lane Nine

I never shoot on weekends, always on weekday afternoons.

It’s too busy on Saturdays, and busy at the range means

danger—at least to me: the slim, pretty girl on a date

who has the “shakes,” the worker warning her, “I can’t let you shoot

unless you calm down, okay?” She says she’s okay, looks back

at me because I’m staring. I am staring because I’m evaluating.

She can’t stop laughing. Her date is a clueless hipster

who had asked the worker earlier if he could he plug in his cellphone.

The worker said no. The hipster was lucky he hadn’t asked

one of the meaner workers; “lucky bastard” I think. I’ve

faced down the mean ones before, who made you feel stupid

for asking something basic about guns. But this guy was young

and cool and his girl was hot, so I guess he can get away

with appearing detached. His date continues to laugh.

She’d laugh even in the range; I’d later hear her through

my earmuffs. But until then, I wait and watch the large

Filipino family come in and take a lane. I hear them plan

a pig-hunting trip and a visit to Arizona to buy more guns.

They’d also laugh really hard inside the range. I look at the boy

with his father, a blonde boy, like my own son. No more than

ten; the youngest they allow. I’m thinking of bringing my

own son in. So I watch the boy who seems very relaxed.

I want my son to stop playing video games. I don’t want him

to turn into a man who loves video games, a man who can’t

tell the difference between the screen and real life, a man

who needs to ask where he can plug his cellphone in

at a gun range. At last, I get my lane: #9. I shoot three

boxes of ammo. My hands feel unsteady. I am nervous around

so many flaky people, but if shooting teaches you one thing

it’s how to ignore the world, how to violently separate

yourself from others—not in the literal sense of course,

but in a spiritual plane. Number nine is my lane.

 

Virulence

Novices go hunting

in the lining of true pockets,

the airplanes that breathe air

like human beings, if you know

enough, the copier flies American,

instinctually like a big bear

in the sky. Imagine that. Silently,

the stars make acquaintances;

they’re also new to the job.

And I do remember 1980

as a child, a young child.

The smell of my aunt’s Gremlin,

that hot, plastic scent of the

interior and the exhaust,

the thin palm trees that swayed.

Even then, always ruminating.

The smallish plot already

developing. And why should

it bother me? The inch-like

presence? No moon-landing

for me. No moon-lander. I guess

with every gun there’s an assault.

But this isn’t turning violent,

I have my dog with me

tonight, the kids gone, so why

write about that? The people

down the street have good

skulls, the people further

down the street have ugly

hearts. You can sense that

type of thing. Maybe it’s their

big ass house with no one in it.

Maybe it’s the fact I once

saw two tie-wearing men

playing b-ball in their front yard.

That type of thing doesn’t

make for close neighbors.

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Aftermath

The holy place is here, crouched before the fan of white plastic. Morning coolness stirs the tiny hairs on your legs, the ones you forgot to shave in the shower last night. You can stand the heat of your hot coffee right now, you can almost stand the heat of your memories and the bruises they show.

 

You have a tiny house in a West Coast town. The name matters only a little. Your waist is still a small one; your body remembers the shapes of love. Your body may. Your mind cannot.

 

Once you thought of fame.

 

The thought has not penetrated your fog for years now.

 

Four years? Five?

 

How do you count the aftermath? In friends forgotten because you cannot bear their happiness? In jobs lost, opportunities floundered? Maybe in towns you tried and failed, or in classes you can’t attend, or in pancakes—tiny, or as wide as your face, stacked like fluffy amber coins with pools of copper syrup melting into the cresting waves of butter.

 

You do not think of violation. You do not think of it but it thinks of you. At night, before the coolness comes like a blessing, it thinks of you.

 

So now you crouch with the joy of morning on your face. You wonder how much longer, then you forget to wonder.

 

The holy place is here.

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Ruins of Suburbia

The house sits among a sea of crabgrass and dandelions gone to seed. Weeds choke beds once lined with neat rows of colorful tulips and daisies. Scarecrow fingers reach through cracks in concrete walkways. Everything browns, dying in the broil of the valley. It is what happens when the timed sprinklers shut down and the lawnmowers stop, when the regular applications of fertilizer and pesticides end. When the people leave.

 

Aaron knows he has arrived without checking the address. These neighborhoods are homogenous: white stucco ranches with red clay roofs, small trimmed lawns watered at 6 a.m. daily, boxwood shrubs under bay windows. They are the same house, pressed from a mold, the address numbers a sole identifying characteristic. The empty ones stand out, scabs on an otherwise flawless complexion.

 

He comes for the discarded. The foreclosed. This one, a ranch-style house with a patch of wilted rosebushes in its front yard, sits on a cul-de-sac wound deep into the suburban maze. Aaron parks on the street and climbs out of his pickup truck, a clipboard in his left hand. A man watering shrubs in front of the house on the right approaches as Aaron walks toward the front door. The man clutches the dripping nozzle of a green vinyl hose at his right side.

 

“Isn’t anybody there,” the man says as Aaron approaches. “They were long gone before the bank put up the notice.”

 

“I’m aware,” Aaron says. He hands the man one of the cards he keeps on his clipboard.  “I’m here to inspect the property. Mind if I ask a few questions?”

 

“Not at all.”

 

“How long have they been gone?”

 

“Six months. Nice people. Moving van just showed up one day.”

 

It always does, Aaron thinks. Nobody publicizes giving up the house. Some just can’t afford the payments, because they lost jobs or the rates on their mortgages ballooned. Others simply decide to walk away after years of watching the value of their homes plummet. Either way, it ends the same: the moving vans arrive and drive away. The only question is whether they wait for the foreclosure notice—for the Sheriff’s deputies to arrive and escort them from the property—or slink away before it is hammered to their doors.

 

The neighbor frowns. “Seems like more and more houses have those notices posted. It’s not good for the neighborhood.”

 

“I’d imagine not,” Aaron says.  “Does it seem like anybody’s messed with the property? Anything unusual?”

 

“Nope.”

 

“Animals?”

 

“How do you mean?”

 

“Did they have any pets?”

 

The neighbor shakes his head. “No. No pets.”

 

Aaron thanks the man, turns and approaches the house. The front windows are covered by drapes. There is no lockbox on the door, meaning the locksmith hasn’t come. This isn’t a surprise. His employer, First Western Financial, is drowning in repossessed houses. There are usually problems coordinating all the contractors needed to handle the properties—the locksmiths and cleaners, haulers and handymen, painters and realtors.

 

Aaron’s job is to scout the homes, to inspect for property damage and itemize any furniture, appliances, or other debris left behind. He catalogues couches and televisions, washers and dryers, desks, tables and chairs. He finds bicycles, books, paintings, children’s toys and hundreds of other flotsam and jetsam that people see fit to leave behind. Today, inside the house on the cul-de-sac, there will likely be more to add to the list. He first needs to get in.

 

He tries the front door. Locked. The front windows and garage door do not budge. A tall wooden fence frames both sides of the house, blocking his view of the sides and rear. If there are any weak spots—a window left unlatched or a hidden key the owners forgot—they’ll be back there.

 

Aaron finds a gate along the fence on the left end of the house. He reaches over the top to dislodge the latch and peeks inside before moving further.

 

He knows to be cautious. Surprises lurk behind these fences.

 

The first window he tries after entering the yard is unlocked. He removes the screen and lifts himself in, stepping into an empty bedroom. Aaron finds nothing as he walks between rooms aside from empty picture hooks on the walls. There are vacuum marks in the carpet. Sometimes they clean, unable to leave behind an untidy home. Others abandon houses in shambles: holes in the walls, junk strewn across the floor and yard, stinking of cat urine and other odors. Aaron wonders whether these people live in such conditions or simply trash the place as a final insult toward the bank.

 

He’s always thankful for clean ones.

 

There is a dollhouse in a small pink bedroom. It is about five feet long and as tall as Aaron’s waist. Three levels of tiny white rooms sit below the house’s powder blue roof, each stripped as bare of furniture as the larger house in which it sits. He guesses it didn’t fit in the truck. He imagines a father kneeling next to a little girl, surrounded by boxes, both clearing the dollhouse of its contents. The father promises the girl they will come back for it or that he will build her a new one for her new bedroom.

 

He lifts the clipboard, clicks his pen. Writes dollhouse, large under Miscellaneous Items. Moves on to the garage.

 

 

One house is abandoned. Then another. Then two more, three, four. Each foreclosure devalues the neighborhood. Homeowners watch prices plummet, stare at the balances owed on their own mortgages, calculate how long it will take to break even. Whether it is worth paying anymore. Too many owe too much for properties that won’t fetch a fraction of what is needed to sell. Desperate sellers unload million-dollar homes for $500,000 or less. The panic spreads. The banks print more notices.

 

Before the crash, there is the boom. Stockton is a crumbling port in the middle of a wide, dry valley, sitting an hour’s drive east of San Francisco. The coast is flush with money from the Silicon Valley, but land is at a premium. People look inland, where acreage is available and housing inexpensive, to erect castles displaying their wealth. Builders descend upon the region, buying up land, drawing blueprints, planning subdivisions. Orchards and pastures disappear, paved over, covered with houses, houses, houses. Prices rise with every property sold. Home values double, triple. Owners borrow against this newfound wealth, put in pools, take vacations, buy luxury cars. Houses become investments, part of a portfolio.

 

Aaron works with granite, installing kitchen countertops in new and existing homes. Business is brisk. Once one owner has the stone installed, everyone in the neighborhood follows. The pitch is easy: Granite is nearly as strong as a diamond, is scratch- and stain-resistant, non-porous. Instant equity. It sells itself.

 

He buys a house and a new car. Goes on vacations. Gets married and has a child.

 

Then the economy turns. Construction ends. People stop buying. Aaron stays afloat as homeowners remodel their kitchens in desperate attempts to sell. Those calls then stop coming. Granite becomes a luxury most can no longer afford. The business folds.

 

He goes to work for First Western to pay the bills. In the evenings, he takes classes at the local community college in search of a new career. The books sit stacked on the passenger seat of his truck so he can study between jobs: Introductory Statistics, Accounting, Ancient Civilizations. It is the last text he can’t keep away from. He takes the course out of a fascination that began years earlier, during a day-trip to the Mayan ruins on a vacation to Mexico. It’s a great puzzle to him: Societies rise, erect spectacular cities, develop customs and innovations, only to disappear. There are those with which he is already familiar: The Aztecs and Incas, the Romans and Mesopotamians. But there are also dozens of others, like Clovis, Nabta Playa, the Minoans. He daydreams about visiting the remnants one day, when each paycheck isn’t necessary to keep the lights on at home.

 

His wife returns to work, waiting tables during lunch shifts at a local restaurant. Anna is still in uniform when he arrives home after today’s inspections, a large red stain spread across her white buttoned-down shirt. She has dark circles under her eyes. The gray shows beneath her blonde tied-back hair. It reminds him of his own age, the lines deepening on his face, his dark hair thinning, the way his knees ache in the morning.

 

“Have an accident?” he asks, pointing out the stain.

 

“Marinara. I was covered in spaghetti.”

 

“Nice.”

 

“I wore it all day.”

 

“Good for tips, right?”

 

Anna shakes her head, pulls out a small fold of cash. Forty-seven dollars. Aaron kisses her forehead, tells her to take a bath and relax, he’ll get ready for when Robert comes home from school. He doesn’t tell her about the dollhouse. She’ll want to take and sell it. It’s not stealing, she says. They’re not coming back for them. He knows she’s right, but can’t bring himself to do so.

 

It feels like going through the pockets of the dead.

 

Forty-seven dollars. He’ll have to pick up some inspections during the weekend. There are times when they fall behind, when the notices and phone calls begin. He worries the bank will take his house as well.

 

He enters the kitchen, pulls bread, mustard and lunchmeat from the refrigerator and begins making sandwiches—one for himself, one for his son. He cuts the crusts from Robert’s sandwich directly on the granite countertop. No need for a cutting board.

 

 

There is a passage in Aaron’s textbook about a culture dead five thousand years . The Cucuteni-Trypillian society’s settlements stretch across a wide expanse of Eastern Europe, with some growing as large as fifteen thousand people. They plant and harvest agriculture and raise livestock, make tools and pottery and clothing, hunt for food, and develop a religion. Yet every six or seven decades—once a lifetime?—these enormous villages are mysteriously burned to the ground and built new.  Is it a sacrifice to the gods? A ritual of renewal? Why build a home only destroy it?

 

 

The empty houses are an invitation to the lost, the addicted, the fugitive and forgotten. They break windows and nest, stripping the house of fixtures and anything else that can be sold. Liquor bottles and beer cans litter the floors, burn marks from cigarettes and crack pipes in the carpets. Remnants of meth labs: two-liter bottles, plastic buckets, and long tubes, countless emptied packets of Sudafed tablets.

 

Sometimes people are there when Aaron arrives. The first time this happens is in an impoverished neighborhood in city’s southern end. He enters the house and finds two men—ghosts, emaciated, covered in scabs—hastily disassembling a makeshift lab. One of the men pulls a knife and sneers. Aaron turns and runs.

 

There are others: Drunks who ask for change or offer Aaron a beer when he enters the home. Taggers who cover every inch of wall space, inside and out, with graffiti. In one neighborhood, a kid who goes by the tag SURGE! hits every vacant house—at least two dozen.

 

He now calls the police whenever he’s suspicious about a house. He now carries pepper spray. But they still sneak up from time to time. One day he finds a thin young man sitting with his back against the wall in the living room of an empty duplex. The man is unconscious, chin resting against chest, a syringe and blackened spoon lying at his side. The paramedics say he’ll be fine as they cart him away on a gurney. Aaron writes it up on his clipboard, itemizes the paraphernalia left on the floor.

 

 

The Harappan civilization has as many as five million people living in its cities and villages in what today is South Asia. Its borders are filled with complex brick-and-mortar buildings, its web of streets equipped with sophisticated drains that carry waste from homes to sewage disposal areas. It is a center of agriculture and astronomy, commerce and craftsmanship, pioneering technology that remains in use today.

 

It is all abandoned, nearly one thousand years before the founding of Rome. Only the streets and buildings remain.

 

 

He is called to an older neighborhood east of downtown. Aaron’s notes say sheriff’s deputies removed the owner a week before in anticipation of a foreclosure auction. He approaches the lock box at the front door. It is clear that someone is living there when he enters. A blanket and pillow lie on the carpet in the front room, along with a small radio. Empty soup cans neatly line the kitchen countertop. Aaron pulls the pepper spray from his belt and quietly walks from room to room.

 

She is in a closet in the back bedroom, an old woman, the tips of her short gray curls barely reaching Aaron’s chest. She winces when he opens the door, eyes on the pepper spray. He puts it away, helps her out.

 

Her name is Mrs. White. The home is hers—was hers, until the previous week, when the bank changed the locks and her daughter took her to a retirement home. The story is common: her son encourages her to take a loan on the home’s rising value, telling her she is sitting on a goldmine. She loses it when his investments fail and can no longer keep up with payments.

 

“I told the people at the home I was visiting a friend,” she says.

 

She’s hidden there for five days.

 

Aaron calls Mrs. White’s daughter. He tells her he won’t call the police on the condition that her mother does not return. He cleans up evidence of her stay, omits it from his report. He wonders how long the bank will sit on the place, how little they’ll eventually take to unload it on some investor looking to flip for a profit.

 

Whether it could have more value to anyone but the woman who has to be evicted twice.

 

 

The city of Petra is carved into the sides of desert cliffs in what today is Jordan. Its buildings are etchings, like sandcastles turned on their sides: columns, arches, friezes and pediments mirroring the architecture of ancient Greece, coupled with statues of various gods and beasts. These masterpieces are facades for a network of ventilated, underground tunnels and chambers. It is a city that takes lifetimes to build.

 

It is a work of art, a labor of love. Its people are gone.

 

 

The house is in a neighborhood where vacancies are a virus. Everybody’s gone. Entire streets in foreclosure, each house empty and abandoned, real estate signs advertising “Bank Owned” properties posted on browning lawns. This is most common in the new neighborhoods, the ones where investors buy up blocks of homes as rentals, or the developer can’t get rid of the properties once the market crashes. Aaron’s surprised at the lack of vandalism as he drives down the street—usually the taggers and squatters quickly claim such areas.

 

This house is at the end of the block. It is the white stucco-red tile design, the old standby. It appears to have been empty for months. No lock box. Of course.

 

He climbs a graying wood fence. The first thing he sees is the doghouse, sitting next to the side of the house near the backyard. It is wood with a black shingle roof. The name Buster is posted above the front door.

 

The moment his feet touch the other side of the fence he smells the decay, hears the buzz of the flies. To his right, in the corner between the fence and the house, lies a dog. Long dead. Picked apart by scavengers, leaving only dark brown fur and bones behind. That and a black collar, still around its neck, attached to a long chain leading from the doghouse.

 

Aaron presumes the tag he sees dangling from the collar also says Buster.

 

He turns away, covers his mouth and nose. Then he notices. The fence. The claw marks. The blood. They cover nearly the entire inner surface of the fence, cascading down from as high as five feet off the ground, some cuts as deep as half an inch. Inside one of the gashes, Aaron sees a single black claw, torn from Buster’s paw. He imagines the dog lunging at the fence, flailing, trying to climb or knock it down until his paws grow raw and bloody. Trying to rejoin his family. The chain tensing behind him, yanking him back with each attempt at escape. The dog’s eventual surrender, curling up in a corner, thirsty, hungry. Alone.

 

Aaron sinks to the ground, sitting with his back along the fence opposite the house, his eyes on the curled figure before him. There are bowls near the doghouse, presumably for food and water, long empty and dry. He wonders how long the dog lasted, how long Buster survived once he lapped up the water in those bowls. Days. A week. Longer. Howling prayers to an abandoned neighborhood. Dying steps from a doghouse built and personalized just for him.

 

The owners likely moved someplace that did not allow dogs—an apartment, perhaps, or a relative’s house. Aaron wants to find them, deliver their dog’s corpse to their doorstep, a housewarming gift for their new hearth. He wants to chain them to this doghouse in the summer heat, leave them with nothing but a fast-evaporating bowl of water. He wants them to see what they’ve done.

 

He contacts First Western about tracking down the former owners, pressing charges for animal cruelty. He takes pictures to the sheriff’s office, gives them whatever information he has. He is assured: We will do what we can. He knows what little that means.

 

 

The Olmec in Mexico build communities around massive pyramids, courts, monuments, and statues. The Aksumites in Ethiopia coin money and erect stone obelisks that stretch toward the sky. The Anasazi develop an agricultural society in the southwestern United States, chiseling their own settlements into the region’s red clay cliffs.

 

Empty. Empty. Empty.

 

 

The trip to Mexico often replays in Aaron’s mind when he lies in bed or drives from house to house, like a home video on a loop: There is the dusty gray bus, rumbling along a cratered dirt road running inland from the coast. He and Anna are younger, only just married, not yet parents. They sit near the front, taking pictures out of a cloudy side window. Eventually, the great stone ruins of Chichen Itza come into view.

 

Aaron walks in the shadow of the ancient gray structures, awed at their size and craftsmanship. He wanders through the Great Ball Court, once a gathering place for Mayan athletes and spectators. He examines the Temple of the Warriors, a tiered pyramid surrounded by long rows of carved columns honoring the bravest of the civilization’s people.  He inspects El Caracol, the domed stone observatory offering a view of the starry night sky.

 

At the center of the site sits El Castillo, a massive four-sided pyramid stretching nearly a hundred feet above the ground. Aaron climbs the tall stairs that run up all four sides like wide waterfalls. He turns at the peak and sits on the top step, staring out at the sunbaked ruins below. He imagines this place in its prime: A bustling square filled with cattle herders, traders, farmers with baskets of grain and produce. The shouts of merchants vying for customers and haggling over prices. People playing games, cheering, laughing. He wonders why they’ll leave, whether it is war, drought, famine, or disease that forces them to leave their kingdom behind.

 

He asks: Where did everyone go?

 

It is this that now gnaws at him. Each empty house reminds him of those Mayan ruins. The homes are abandoned, just like those of the Anasazi, and Harappa, and Petra and so many others. Left to crumble.

 

Aaron imagines the Mayan ruins beginning with one or two vacant houses. People watch neighbors go and follow, sparking an exodus, emptying more and more homes. Fewer stay to reap the harvest, bake bread, hunt game. Those who remain die off or fade away. Only the buildings survive.

 

Where did everyone go? Aaron can’t stop asking the question. The houses he inspects each day no longer have minivans in the driveway and bicycles on the front lawn. The smell of Sunday barbecues and fresh cut grass is gone. The people have vanished. He wonders if the houses will ever again be filled, if the foreclosures will continue until there is nobody left. One home becomes three, streets turn to blocks, blocks to communities. All of it empty. Landscape erodes, dust gathers, wildlife returns. Hundreds, thousands of years pass. Archaeologists delicately brush dirt from plastic big wheels, DVD players, picture frames. From giant, empty dollhouses. Tourists come with cameras, snapping photographs, buying T-shirts and key chains. Vacationing in the suburban ruins, the remnants of America.

 

Aaron pulls up to the first of seven houses on today’s schedule. The front door is locked. He approaches the fence, unlatches the gate and slips inside, unsure what he will find on the other side.

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Interview: Nicole Dennis-Benn

Author Nicole Dennis-Benn       Cover of Here Comes The Sun by Nicole Dennis-Benn

 

Nicole Dennis-Benn was born in Kingston, Jamaica. She left her home country at age seventeen to attend Cornell University, where she earned a B.A. in biology and nutritional sciences. She then earned a master’s in Public Health from the University of Michigan, and went on to work for Columbia University as a project manager in the Department of Social Sciences. She wrote during all of these years and, while working for Columbia, completed an MFA in fiction writing from Sarah Lawrence College.

 

We caught up with Dennis-Benn shortly after she published her first novel, Here Comes the Sun. The novel won a Lambda Literary Award and has been named a New York Times Notable Book and Editors’ Choice, a Kirkus Reviews Best Debut Fiction, an Amazon Best Book, and numerous other recognitions. Learn more about her work at her website.

 

 

Lisa Roney for The Florida Review:
Here Comes the Sun is a difficult book to read, not because of the writing–the writing is exquisite–but because the subject matter is difficult.

 

Nicole Dennis-Benn:
It’s a lot. It’s a lot that I dealt with in that book. Yeah, which I’m happy to talk about with you.

 

TFR:
Yes. One of the things I really loved about it was the centrality and complexity of the female characters. You know, there are male characters, too. And some of them are treating lovingly, like Charles. But it’s clearly a women-centered story.

 

Dennis-Benn:
Yes, it is.

 

TFR:
And Margot and Thandi are particularly compelling. I wonder if you could talk a little bit about how you inhabited those two different characters. They are obviously, clearly close and related. I wonder whether you feel that each of them takes up a part of you?

 

Dennis-Benn:
Right. That’s a good question.

 

TFR:
How do you feel about that?

 

Dennis-Benn:
Thandi, in all honesty, came into being when I went back to Jamaica in 2010. I moved to the US in 1999. And I never went back home because I feel like, yes, it would be only for brief visits, but I was in this self-imposed exile where I didn’t want to deal with the classism, the homophobia. All these other things. So I stayed away. But, upon meeting my wife, who was then my girlfriend, she said, “You know, you’ve never taken me to Jamaica, where you’re from. You have all this accent,” she’d say, but I didn’t even take her to the parts in Brooklyn that’s populated with Jamaicans. That was how, I think, traumatized I was.

 

And so, I finally made the decision to take her back home in 2010. And in going back home, a lot of the emotions that I was running away from came back. And I didn’t know what to do with them but just journal. And in journaling, I remember, Thandi came up. Because I was that girl, in high school, who felt ostracized because of our complexion. And also being working class. And so I was like, “Well, I’m not a non-fiction author, yet.” But, as a fiction author, how do I channel that? And Thandi, Thandi’s character came about ’cause she’s really me in that sense of going through that. In terms of… feeling insecure, feeling invisible. I wanted to document that through a teenage girl’s eyes. You know, because on the island itself they say, “Well, it’s vanity that would drive a girl to bleach her skin.” But she’s showing us that, no, it’s actually this whole context of feeling unworthy because of her darker complexion. And forcing people to say, “Well, look at me.” And so that’s really where I wanted to go, I hoped to have gone with that character.

 

TFR:
You did. You did. And I felt like you did a good job in the sense that you showed very well just the sort of myriad pressures on her, about that issue. One might think, “Why would anyone do that?”

 

Dennis-Benn:
Right.

 

TFR:
But you build them gradually, to just kind of show the pressure on her.

 

Dennis-Benn:
Yeah. And even her own educational possibilities. People want her… Margot and Delores want her to be a doctor. And she herself is saying, “No. That’s not what gonna get me that access. What’s gonna get me that access is lightening my skin.” And a lot of girls and boys that stay in Jamaica still feel the same way.

 

Margot is also a part of me as well. Because Margot, I call her my heroine. Because I feel like Margot is that person that I wanted to be, in that she was able to say, “You know what? I’m not given the things that I need to survive in life.” Like, she didn’t have the best education, like Thandi. Her mother sold her into prostitution very early. And Margot uses what she knows. And she’s kinda like that voice in society that’s saying that, “Well you know, this is what’s gonna get me that piece of that pie that I’ve been denied. And this is all I know. So let me use that to get ahead.” And so, people think Margot is a villain. I mean, yes, I can understand that.

 

TFR: But she’s heartbreaking.

 

Dennis-Benn:
But she’s heartbreaking. Exactly. The struggle with her being loved by her mother. The struggle with her own internal identity, or her sexuality. All these things are burdening Margot. And so, I think with that character, I kind of used not only what I’d experienced with homophobia, but also experiencing that anger. For a country that is so… Upward mobility is so hard there. And so, for Margot to say, “Well, it’s hard, but I’m gonna break it somehow.”

 

So I wanted to show the reader where that character is coming from. For her to have made certain decisions, though unpopular.

 

TFR:
Right. It’s interesting—I don’t want to get off the subject, but right now we’re living through a time in this country where rage seems appropriate, too.  I think about the rage that  how powerless people seem to feel here, and then you think about someone who has experienced what she’s experienced with far fewer resources, and…

 

Dennis-Benn:
Exactly.

 

TFR:
More discrimination. And you’re just like, “God, that rage… ”

 

Dennis-Benn:
Exactly.

 

TFR:
It just seems to grow. I found Margot really, really the most interesting. Because I couldn’t decide how I felt about her. It was, obviously, she was doing these horrible things to people that she supposedly cared about.

 

Dennis-Benn:
Right. I like that, exactly. And using her sexuality as a weapon.

 

One thing I wanted to talk about in the book was also the sexualization of our girls, and Delores, Margot, and Thandi have been victimized sexually. We have this conversation a lot, in terms of victims versus survival, in terms of the wording itself. And Margot, I feel like she’s that person that, if she were in this room, she would not say “I was a victim of anything, I am a survivor. I am gonna continue surviving.” So, taking that and putting it in that character as well, because Here Comes The Sun is about exploitation of the land itself but also the bodies of women. And, there was that parallel with Margot herself, kind of doing to those women what our government had done to us, in terms of the exploitation.

 

TFR:
This brings up something that’s masterful in the novel, your mastery of analogy and simile … and how often it was almost metonymic because there was this close relationship between the place and the bodies. You even talked about Margot and “the island of her body.” And then there was that wonderful one, “the red hibiscuses hang from their stems like the tongues of thirsty dogs.” And “they are as silent as caterpillars that rest on the leaves”, and then “Charles’s palms are dry and surprisingly warm like sun-warmed stones.”

 

Dennis-Benn:
Oh my gosh, I wrote that? [laughter]

 

TFR:
Yeah, you did! In fact, I had a whole list of them, that was like in the first half of the book, and then as time got closer, and I was reading this in the car and stuff, I was making a list of them in the back ’cause they go throughout the book. That kind of connection between bodies and place, and other phenomena, and the environment. Is that something that you did consciously?

 

Dennis-Benn:
I didn’t do it consciously! But I do have a passion, though. I feel that we are connected to our environment. We are… Everywhere we inhabit, we’re part of the universe, we’re part of the Earth, everything. So, I try my best not to overlook that in my writing as well, and I think it has come out.

 

TFR:
You could get somebody to go through your book with a highlighter and note all those, because I was thinking this would be a great literary criticism essay because they were just so close, and they were so predominant. You used the metaphoric language really well. They were always so apt, and yet they were thematic as well, which is really wonderful. Well, one of the things that Margot obsesses about is moving to another place on the island with Verdene, or even to London. But, Verdene tells her it wouldn’t really be different in those places.

 

So this actually reminded me… I don’t know if you’ve ever read Carson McCullers’ novelette, A Member of the Wedding, and it was written in the first half of the 20th century, and it’s kind of a pre-Civil Rights era story, but Frankie is obsessed about the North. And she dreams about moving to the North, which Carson McCullers ultimately did. She left her native Georgia and moved to New York. But it just reminded me of that kind of longing of this mythical place, where everything will be better. So, how do you think that the dream of a safe and accepting place influences the plot of this book, and to what extent do you consider that mythical other place an obsession in your work, in general?

 

Dennis-Benn:
Margot very much wants to escape, right? So, in her mind, she feels like escaping to Lagoons… That was gonna give her the safety that she wants, especially being a lesbian woman. I mean, she wouldn’t call herself a lesbian woman, but very much in love with Verdene. And I think that was her first step in acknowledging this love for Verdene. Of course, she ends up crushing it, but in her mind that place would signify happiness, it would signify abundance and love. For her, it was really important, but in one part Verdene would say to her, “Well, we’re still in Jamaica. It’s not like Lagoons is in the United States or in Canada. We’re still in Jamaica.” Even that dynamic of still not wanting to leave her own country… Even though, perhaps Verdene could take her to London, and Verdene herself is living in Jamaica, loving the country so much that they still don’t want to leave it. But still not being able to survive as themselves. And I wanted very much to capture that as well. In our country, a lot of people fantasize about heading up North, like heading to the United States.

 

TFR:
And you did that!

 

Dennis-Benn:
Yeah exactly! It’s like, what we see on the other side… The other side looks greener. And for a lot of us, it’s freedom, freedom to be ourselves. For me, it was freedom to be a lesbian. And I am sure if Margot had that freedom to come here too, she would probably would have said yes. If it weren’t for Thandi keeping her back, for example. But I had no such links, besides parents, saying, “Coming here, I could be also beautiful.” Because in my own country, it’s kind of interesting because yes, there is classism, there is complexionism. Here, there’s racism. But it’s more hurtful to be discriminated against by your own people, who are looking down on you because in their minds there’s a hierarchy of blackness. But here I’m like, “Oh, well… Okay, you expect it, so what?” It’s kind of interesting psychologically to…

 

TFR:
It’s not that it doesn’t exist here. It’s not that it’s the mythic perfect place.

 

Dennis-Benn:
Exactly, yeah. But it’s better than still working in a house of all people of color and being looked down upon by your own people who you’ve expected them to embrace you.

 

TFR:
That’s interesting. What do you think the pros and cons have been for you, of moving from Jamaica to New York? And I think again of this situation that we’re in in this country right now, where people keep saying, “I’m gonna move to Canada.” And I have the option. My husband’s a Canadian citizen, so… And he’s lived there before. He grew up there, lived most of his life there. He knows it’s not a mythic perfect place, but sometimes for me it kind of looms that way, other than the weather. So what do you think about this… I guess there are two conflicting urges that we have and one is to find a better place, and one is to stand and fight.

 

Dennis-Benn:
I think what’s going on with this country is that Americans are now experiencing what it’s like to be an immigrant because it’s not the easiest decision to move away from your home land. And so when that decision is made it’s definitely because you’re fleeing something and hoping for the better, but still not wanting to cut ties with your country. Period. And so it’s like that ambivalence that we feel and it’s gonna definitely… It’s a lifetime of feelings. Home-sickness is definitely not the easiest and I think I wouldn’t mock anybody leaving the United States, but at the same time I think it’s worth it to still fight, to still stay here.

 

Especially for those people who are voiceless. And I got emotional when I was at BEA in Boston because, while I’m here I’m free technically, I’m that immigrant living the “dream” whatever that looks like. For me it’s that published book that ended up here in the New York Times, and I felt like, “Wow!” But a lot of my friends, the Margots of society, they are back in Jamaica and I’m gonna get emotional… They can’t come here, they can’t escape. And so what do they do with their situation? Some of them wither, some of them just give up. I have a friend in Jamaica, she’s now a security guard and… She should be in this chair because she’s a writer, and yeah… But I made it… I’m getting teary-eyed…

 

TFR:
Clearly I think there is a way in which this is a social protest novel… Do you have a sense about what you think writer’s responsibility is in terms of writing for social justice and change, and how do you balance that with other concerns in your writing?

 

Dennis-Benn:
I use fiction as my best method of activism. Because it’s not didactic. People don’t know that they’re being fed certain things, ’cause it’s entertaining. So I try my best to balance that.

 

TFR:
Page turner. [chuckle]

 

Dennis-Benn:
I do it through characterization. Humanizing characters, or documenting the human experience. So, yes, a book could be set in Jamaica, or it could be set in Brooklyn, or Canada, or wherever. But people can still come to the table knowing that, “Well, this is what I’ve felt before in terms of relationships, or love and loss, or displacement.” Doing it that way, and then individuals can see how certain things affect people.

 

TFR:
And maybe relate to it in a way that they might not otherwise.

 

You mentioned just very briefly when we first sat down to talk that you haven’t written nonfiction yet. So is that something you’ve been thinking about?

 

Dennis-Benn:
I’ve been thinking about it, because I’ve been writing a series of essays and people have been saying, “Oh, this looks like a collection you’re starting here.” Or even I’ve gotten inquires about memoirs, for example. I think at some point I will, but I think for now I speak through my fiction. But I’m not knocking the idea of doing a nonfiction down the road.

 

TFR:
There are different thoughts about it in terms of, what you say, in terms of people sometimes, I think, have an easier time entering into the fictional world and absorbing that fictional world. And on the other hand there’s the urge to testify which you can do, really, a nonfiction as yourself, as, “This is my experience and it’s real.”

 

Dennis-Benn:
Exactly. Yeah…

 

TFR:
Okay, cool. Well, I’ll look forward to that. [chuckle]

 

Dennis-Benn: The thing with non-fiction, I think it’s also more brave… With fiction we hide behind our characters, while with non-fiction you say… You’re right, it’s you.

 

TFR:
Another question I wanted to ask you about has to do with secrets. Could you talk a little bit more about why… I kept thinking about secrets in this book and how harmful they are and how strange it kind of is that there’s such a wonderful plot device, and yet… I would just pretty much say most of the time in life they’re just awful. Do you think you could comment about that relationship between the fictional world and the living world where secrets drive fiction forward? Secrets are this thing that can be uncovered and can land surprises for people that change them. As opposed to in life where mostly they’re just a destructive element. I mean, in some ways they are in fiction too I guess.

 

Dennis-Benn:
I feel like we’re constantly evolving as human beings, and there are usually epiphanies that happen. It doesn’t have to be the deepest darkest secrets but something that we didn’t know before, that we just discovered, and we’re like, “Oh. Wow,” and the world suddenly looks different.

 

And using that device in fiction I feel like, for Thandi of course being a teenager, discovering that her mother is not perfect. And that discovery for a lot of us happens when we’re a little older, when we were like, “Oh, our parents are human beings as well. They’re not God.” And so, for her saying, “Oh, wow. Delores did this? Really?” And then Margot keeping that secret that would actually save her life, because if she ever discloses that, that could be the end of it for her. So that was important for her to keep. And then with Thandi, that secret of wanting to be an artist, and wanting desperately to… She wants more, but also what’s really ailing her is feeling invisible and knowing that she’ll still keep that as a secret and pretend to be that color.

 

TFR:
I wanted to ask which was about your use of dialect in the book. Dialect is so often criticized and you obviously made a choice to say “No. This is a part of the culture and I want to reflect that accurately.” So what… Could you talk a little bit more about your decision to write the dialogue in dialect so frequently?

 

Dennis-Benn:
My book is about working class Jamaican women. And they would not be speaking standard English unobserved. Language is a huge part of identity so I wanted to preserve that because forcing the reader to slow down because to see, to hear them speak and even… It’s to really see them as well. Live on the page with them just for a moment. And I find that that’s really important for me. Not only to preserve my language but also the authenticity of the characters.

 

TFR:
Any other last things that you would like to tell us about Here Comes The Sun or what you’re up to next?

 

Dennis-Benn:
So first of all I enjoyed writing this book. It was definitely a great purging in writing this book. There are still themes from Here Comes The Sun that will be in the second book, but it will be even more layered… I’m really excited now about that second project.

 

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Aquifer Now Accepting Film Submissions!

As Aquifer continues to expand its offerings into visual arts and new media, we are excited to announce a new call for submissions of film and video work!

We are looking for experimental works of film or video that are 15 minutes or less and utilize moving images as a means to poetic expression, formal exploration, or abstract and open-ended narratives. Compelling, personal works that push the boundaries of cinematic convention will also be considered for publication.

We recommend entries be works that have completed any intended festival screenings and do not have plans for future distribution, as they will be hosted on the Aquifer site and YouTube channel long term. Submit film or video works as Vimeo or YouTube links and include any passwords required for viewing. There are no requirements for year of completion or premiere status.

For more information please review the General Submissions guidelinesWhen ready, submit your film through our Submittable page for Short Film/Video.

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A Love Supreme

after John Coltrane

 

The paraffin vapor trails from the heater,

and at the window, lilies and corn plants

 

slack like morphine-softened tongues.

Again, from downstairs the muffled sighs

 

rise from the neighbor watching porn,

and across the street the blue porch light

 

comes on, and the youth, like shadows,

slip in and out the cracked screen door.

 

The greasy sheen of the wartime-grey road

reflects the moon—a damp cigarette butt

 

orbiting the city slowly as if held by someone

tired from the day, someone who yet again

 

fades into his own, perhaps darker night.

The little blue urn with your mother’s ashes

 

sits by the spinning vinyl of Coltrane.

We stroke each other’s silence. You give. I take.

 

What we keep unsaid we taste on our tongues,

and we call that fate. You say, I’m crazy

 

about you, and in your blood-hot eyes I see

phone wires suspended over deserted miles,

 

a man sipping on one more glass of scotch,

the fluency of his tight lips, sleepless eyes,

 

keeping his and my shelved love

from crushing it by oxygen and sunlight,

 

the poverty of words, and I hold onto

what’s in my memory, and what’s in my hands.

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Surviving//Skin

In America, I imagine

Noah after the flood; see

his old hands burrow

 

into the land, the lost

parent finds his child. Dalida

and Fairuz and Imam all sing

 

of the land, but I know

not the difference between soil

and skin. Still, I swallow whole

 

that which does not love me. In New Cairo,

I lost God. In Old Cairo, I pray

to concrete and hanging wood. My mother texts me.

 

Today, it is 41 degrees Celsius

in all of Cairo. I ignore white people

who try to explain Fahrenheit.

 

Connecticut makes me

grateful for the weather

back home. I am puzzled

 

by New England

architecture. I have no windows

to pray to. February in this country

 

numbs my fingers, makes me

forget where my blood

flows. I spit extra hard

 

at the ground when it’s snowing

and I’m smoking just to spite whiteness

itself. I’m still around. I can leave

 

a mark. Even as I kill myself

I am still surviving

you.

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Indiana, Tennessee

“You’re my stars,” she used to say. “My Indiana and Tennessee.”

 

She named us after the places we were born. Once, I asked her why she didn’t name us after more exotic places, like California, Kenya. I would have liked to be named California—then when people said my name they’d think of hot sand between their toes and palm trees shimmering in the heat. They could call me Cali for short. But my mom said she named us the way she did because she wanted us to remember our roots.

 

“You’re a mountain girl, Indi,” she said, “And don’t you forget it.” As far as I knew, there were no mountains in Indiana, but I didn’t bother to mention it. It’s not like I remember Indiana. We moved to California soon after I was born, because my mom wanted to “try her hand in the music biz out West.” But I don’t really remember California, either, at least not the parts I want to remember, like the beach. I remember this blue couch we had in our apartment that had bed bugs. They covered me with so many bites that my mom thought I had chicken pox. I got chicken pox, too, but that was later.

 

When I was still small, some music producer told my mom her voice would be perfect for country music, so we hightailed it back in the direction we’d come from, but we stopped in Texas for a few weeks that turned into a few years. Some of my first real memories are of Texas, of the high electric whine of the cicadas and the way our porch sloped down to the right.

 

In Texas, it was just the two of us. Mom had a gig performing at this little bar every night except Friday and Saturday. Because there was no one else to look after me, I went along. Some nights I slept in the car, but some nights I sat on a stool just behind the stage, smelling the old cigarette smoke that had gotten trapped in the curtains and watching Mom. I remember her wearing a red sequined dress and sandals that had bows on the straps. I’m sure she didn’t always wear this outfit, but in my memory it’s the only one she ever wears. She’s singing “Ring of Fire,” my favorite song, making her voice go all deep like Johnny Cash’s because she knows that, behind the curtains, I’m laughing quietly into my small fist.

 

We left Texas after Mom got into a fight with the manager of the bar. He said she was late to work too much, and she said she didn’t know why the hell she was wasting her time in that Podunk town anyways when she should be making it big in Nashville. I loved that word, Podunk. I said it all the way to Nashville, every time we hit a pothole in the road. “Po-dunk, Po-dunk, Po-dunk,” I said, and Mom laughed and laughed. I later learned from a library book that the word “Podunk” was originally the name of an Algonquin tribe that lived in Connecticut. Like just about everything else, we took it from the Native Americans and made it our own. Typical. I told Mom this fact when I read it, and she said “Hmm, interesting,” in a way that told me she wasn’t listening.

 

When we got to Nashville, two things happened: one, I got really good at telling time, and I set our kitchen clock an hour early so Mom wouldn’t be late to work. Two—well, you guessed it. Tennessee was born. I was six by that point. Mom complained a lot when she was pregnant with him that he was preventing her singer-songwriter career getting off the ground, but when he was born, we were both equally enthralled with him. When Ten was awake, he was red-faced and squalling most of the time, but when he slept, he looked like an angel. Mom and I used to both stand over his crib and watch him sleep, saying things like “Look at his tiny nails” (me) and “Do you think he has dreams yet?” (Mom).

 

Ten’s dad was around for a while, before he wound up in jail for the first time. Mom later told me incredulously that she really did, yes, she really had, believed that he made all his money selling handmade ukuleles, but I’m sure she must have known he was selling drugs. After he went to prison, Mom stopped using his given name and started calling him Sonofabitch Lee. At least Sonofabitch was a real person, though, a person I had met and known for a short while before Ten was born. I remember his mustache and the snake tattoo coiled around his lower right arm. That was more than I could say of my own father. But on the other hand, at least I knew that my own father didn’t come looking for me because he didn’t know I existed. That was better than Sonofabitch, who didn’t seem to care at all about Ten because he never came to visit even when he wasn’t in prison, and he never paid his child support payments on time, and even when he did pay them it was probably with the money from stolen car radios or something.

 

In Nashville, Mom got another job at a bar because she said it would help her connect with music business types. She also got to sing at the open mic nights every Friday, which she said was “a good way to get exposure.” Mostly, Mom’s job meant that she stayed out late at night and slept most of the day while we were at school. This in turn meant that I was in charge of getting us up and fed and out the door in the mornings, which meant we were almost always late to school. We brought home stacks of pink slips, piled them on the kitchen counter. Mom didn’t care, though. She sat on the couch in her pajamas, strumming a ukulele. She said, “Listen, you two. School is just a way to brainwash you and keep you out of trouble during the day. The public school system wrings the creativity right out of kids like you! If I didn’t have to work so blasted much, I’d homeschool you and y’all could finally learn three-part harmony.” We lamented this right along with her. Like a lot of Mom’s plans, it seemed really great and also far out of reach.

 

This one time when I was ten or twelve, Mom came home late from her shift at the bar and wedged herself next to me in bed, waking me up. I rolled over and mumbled, “What?”

 

She leaned in and kissed me on the forehead and I said, “You smell like beer,” and she said, “That’s what happens when you work in a bar,” and I said, “No, your breath smells like beer.”

 

“Scrunch over, Indi,” she said. “My bed is lonely tonight.” I moved over, but I rolled to face the wall. After she fell asleep with one arm draped over my back, I stayed awake glaring at the wall. I have to remind myself, now, that she didn’t always come home with beer on her breath, because that one memory stuck so insistently.

 

The year he was six, Ten decided he really wanted a dog. I mean, really wanted one. Of course, we weren’t allowed to have pets in our apartment. He kept checking out this book on dog breeds from the public library, and he’d lie on the dirt-colored carpet in the living room and study the big color pictures, debating aloud the advantages and disadvantages of various breeds, as if the only reason we couldn’t get a dog was because he couldn’t decide which breed he wanted. He’d spend hours sketching, mostly Briards, the breed he loved best. They’re these enormous French dogs that look like a cross between a German shepherd and an Afghan hound.

 

Mom would lean over the table, curlers still in her hair, and say, “Wow, Ten-nes-see! Amazing!” She didn’t ask if he had any homework. Not like she could have helped him with it. She was a terrible speller, and anytime she spelled his name she had to say aloud, “Two n’s, two s’s, one-two-three-four e’s. Tennessee.” I was the one who helped with spelling and fractions and the state capitals of Louisiana and Arkansas. I was the one who made mac and cheese or tuna salad for dinner, because Mom left for work right around dinnertime.

 

Anyway, instead of a dog, Ten had this red rubber frog that he treated like a real, alive pet. He called her Strawberry, because we figured out from another library book that she was probably a strawberry dart frog. She had black spots on her back, and in order to make her look more realistic, Ten colored her legs with black Sharpie. We read in the book that some of these frogs have what’s called a “blue jean color morph,” which means that their legs are blue instead of black. But we didn’t have a blue Sharpie, so Strawberry wore black pants always, like Johnny Cash. Strawberry fit perfectly in Ten’s palm or in the pocket of his jeans. She went to school with him every day, and no one knew about it. In the evenings, he fed her baby carrots, because Mom had banned him from bringing ants into the apartment. Strawberry swam in the tub when he took a bath. She slept on his pillow next to his head, although she usually fell off during the night, and then we had to frantically search the sheets for her in the mornings.

 

I worried that what Ten needed was not a dog, or a frog, but a friend. Neither of us hung out much with kids from school. Parents weren’t too keen on letting their children come over when there were no adults in the apartment, which was often the case. Sometimes Ten went to play at other kids’ houses, but I didn’t hang out with people my age because I was always watching Ten. I didn’t really mind. Most of the time it felt like a relief to be able to say, “I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to watch my brother.” Watching Ten meant playing hours of Monopoly with our own made-up rules (Strawberry guarded the jail, and you had to pay her to get past, and we added liberally to the pile of free parking money, like whenever anyone rolled a six or a three). It meant reading aloud Peter Pan, doing a voice for Hook that always made Ten laugh. It meant dragging the sandbag weight of his body off the couch and into his room when he fell asleep, so he wouldn’t be woken up when Mom stumbled in late and turned all the lights on.

 

Of course, we fought sometimes, and of course sometimes I resented him. Sometimes he got in the way, like the summer I was fourteen, when this girl in my class, Maggie, got a job at a retro drive-in movie theater. I desperately wanted to work there with her, to carry the trays of popcorn and wear roller skates and these cute short dresses with frilly aprons attached. But Mom said I couldn’t. I had to watch Ten.

 

Ten also got in the way the year I turned sixteen, when I fell in love with a boy named Dallas Leland. The infatuation began, of course, with the fact that he, too, was named after a place, and a place I’d actually been, at that. But I wasn’t the only one fascinated with him. Dallas Leland was one of those people who got popular in high school not by any particular effort or because he had any particular charm. People were drawn to him for two reasons: first, his spectacular hair, and second, the fact that he didn’t talk. I mean never talked. He sat right in the front row of our U.S. history class and never once raised his hand. None of the rest of us could imagine being that bold, so we spent more time watching him than watching the teacher, Mr. Francis. We wanted to see what Dallas Leland would do if Mr. Francis got the guts to call on him. That, and we loved looking at Dallas’s hair, the red-gold color of it, and the way it swooped out from a point toward the middle of his skull, just a little left of dead center. His hair was the color of sunlight, and if Dallas’s head had been the sun, I would have willingly blinded myself to look at it every fifth period. Luckily, I didn’t have to pay much attention in that class. Ten was learning a lot of the same things in fourth-grade history, so I knew everything I needed to know from studying with him.

 

Our final project that spring was to be done in pairs. We were to write the story of an American tragedy from two perspectives. The project instructions didn’t really say “tragedy.” I added that part. The instructions said “significant and controversial event.” But events that are controversial are always a tragedy for somebody, I think.

 

In the interest of fairness, Mr. Francis had us write our names on slips of paper and drop them into Eric Poleski’s cowboy hat. Then Eric, who in cowboy boots was a solid five-foot-five, swaggered around the classroom and let us pluck the pieces of paper out of his hat. While I waited for my turn, I sat with my hands wedged between my legs, all eight of my non-thumb fingers twisted around each other in pairs for luck. Apparently, it worked. When Eric held that hat out to me, I snatched up the piece of paper with a D on it scratched in blue ink. Dallas in messy boy handwriting shone up at me from the crumpled sheet. I looked across at him in triumph. He was looking out the window, apparently uninterested in the project proceedings. He probably had more important things to think about. I thought he must be writing a novel in his head or coming up with the next equivalent of the Theory of Relativity. He was glorious. He was going to be mine.

 

After school, Dallas stood at the center of a group of people, all of whom were always talking. Dallas didn’t talk. He smoked. The chances of getting him alone were slim to none, so I approached this group, clinging to the straps of my backpack. I can see myself now, my hair falling out of my braid, my shins spattered with bruises in shades from purple to green from playing with Ten, not realizing I was breaking every social rule there was to break by approaching him in this way. What did I know of social rules? My life took place outside of them.

 

The group parted as I approached, standing aside to look at me. A couple of the boys hid smirks behind their hands, and in my presence the girls grew interested in pulling at the ends of their hair or adjusting the pleats of their cheerleading skirts. I saw all this. I realized what it meant. But it was too late to let it deter me.

 

“Hi, Dallas,” I said. He looked at me through a cloud of smoke.

 

“We should talk about a time to work on our history project,” I said.

 

“Yeah, Dallas,” said one of the boys. “Our history project.”

 

I held my ground; I didn’t blush. My heart was clattering around, ricocheting off my ribs like a bowling ball off bumpers, but they couldn’t see that.

 

Dallas nodded. He let his cigarette fall to the ground and smashed it with the toe of his shoe. He walked a little way away from the rest of the group. I was so surprised by this that it took me a moment to follow. I could hear their murmurings behind me, not the words themselves, but the hostile, jealous tone of them.

 

We stood facing each other under a tree. I realized I’d never faced Dallas before. He had a tall, reedy body that drooped forward a little. His eyes were brown with flecks of gold in them. They were a little unnerving in their intensity. I dropped my gaze to the ground.

 

“So,” I said to the grass, “Maybe we should go to the library after school one day?” I thought of the library, sadly, because I knew that Ten would have to come along, and the library was a place he could stay occupied for hours. Dallas might not even know Ten was there with me. Dallas and I could work side by side, leaning over the same book, reading about the Cherokees and the Trail of Tears, breathing the same air, until Dallas had fallen in love with me (it seemed to me that simple). Then I could retrieve Ten.

 

I waited for Dallas to say something. What would his voice sound like? For a moment I thought, Is he actually mute?

 

“Hate the library,” he said finally. His voice sounded like any other voice, like a regular boy’s voice. “How ’bout by the river? Over by the bridge? Saturday afternoon?”

 

“Oh, umm, okay,” I said. “I’ll check some books out.”

 

I wanted him to say, “Don’t bring the books. It’s a date.” But he didn’t say anything. Just nodded.

 

“I’ll bring some sandwiches, too,” I said. Food meant it was a date, didn’t it? I just had to find a way to get Mom to watch Ten.

 

That afternoon when I got home, Ten was sitting on the kitchen counter eating ice cream out of the container, and Mom was dancing around the kitchen in her underwear. The silk kimono that she wore as a bathrobe was fluttering around her as she spun in circles, though there was no music on.

 

“What’s going on?” I said, dropping my backpack on top of the jumble of shoes by the front door.

 

“Indi!” cried Mom, rushing over and grabbing my hands, dragging me into her frenzied dance. “Great news! I’m headlining!”

 

“Where?” I gasped. I saw it all changing, finally, all of it actually happening, everything she’d always talked about. We’d go on the road with her; we’d have private tutors instead of school. We could travel all over, go all the way to California again. We’d sit in the front row at her shows. We could afford a real house, out in the country. We could grow sunflowers and have a vegetable garden, and Ten could get a dog.

 

“Open mi nigh,” Ten said, around a mouthful of ice cream. I pulled away from Mom.

 

“Open mic night?” I said. “How do you headline at open mic night?”

 

“I’m not headlining at open mic night,” she said. “I’m headlining before open mic night. I get to do my own show—well, with Frankie.” Frankie was Mom’s music partner of the moment, a guy with a thinning ponytail and a perpetually doleful look.

 

Mom was still talking. “…Amazing! You guys are going to come! Get dressed, everybody, because we’re going shopping!”

 

“You’re the only one who’s not dressed, Mom,” I said. This made her laugh, and she disappeared into the bedroom, still chattering.

 

“You have homework?” I asked Ten.

 

“Did it in class,” he said.

 

“Can I have a bite?” I asked. He proffered his spoon, but I dug in the silverware drawer for one that was less spitty. I felt suddenly tired, not like I wanted to take a nap, but like I needed to lie in a dark, quiet room for about ten years and not move. I didn’t realize at the time that that feeling was sadness. All I knew was how it would go at the shops, how Mom would flirt with all the shopkeepers, men and women alike, how she’d tell everyone she met to come to her show, how she’d pull armfuls of things off the racks and shove them at us through the curtains of the dressing rooms, how she’d make us come out and turn around in circles for everyone in the store to see, how she’d buy more than we needed and more than we could afford, and that when I tried to draw her aside at the checkout and tell her not to do this, she’d laugh loudly and say, “That’s my Indiana!” and she’d strangle me in a hug and buy everything anyway.

 

Friday night came, and I found myself wearing a black dress, the first one I’d ever owned, and a pair of new boots that pinched at the ankles. My skin was a sleek golden tan, my hair about four shades darker, and Mom had carefully lined my eyes for me. I looked good and I knew it, and I wished that Dallas Leland were there to see it. I imagined him sitting there, looking at me across the table, his eyes flicking up and down with a question to which the answer was YES. But even imagining it was spoiled by the thought of my mom up on the stage. Even if we did date, I could never invite him to watch my mom perform. I had at least enough concept of social etiquette to know it would be humiliating for everyone involved. Except, of course, my mom.

 

The first thing she did when she got on stage was wave to us and point us out to the audience and say that she was dedicating her performance to us.

 

“Those are my stars,” she said, “My Indiana and Tennessee.” People who didn’t know her probably thought that was some kind of strange metaphor, not our actual names. Those are my stars, my Indiana and Tennessee.

 

We weren’t really supposed to be in the bar, of course, so the owner, Larry, put us at a little table in the corner where he could keep an eye on us and keep us well supplied with Shirley Temples. I didn’t like maraschino cherries, but Ten did, so every time Larry brought me a new drink I pulled them out and gave them to Ten. He left one sitting on a napkin for Strawberry, who he’d placed on the table. He wanted her to be able to see the show. Just that afternoon he’d carefully recolored her legs, which had begun to wear off after all their baths together, despite the supposed permanence of Sharpie. She was all spiffed up for the occasion. Ten was wearing a short-sleeved button-up shirt with small green cacti on it, and a blue bow tie that Mom had insisted on even though he said he felt like it was choking him. He kept tugging at the tie, but whenever I looked over at him he gave me a big smile, showing the quarter-sized gap in his front teeth that would never be fixed because we couldn’t afford braces.

 

Mom was up there on stage with Frankie, who was the real headliner, because the sign out front said “Frankie Ray with Lilah Archer.” Mom’s real name was Debra Moore. It was lucky for Mom that Frankie was a pretty laconic guy, because she liked to talk a lot in between songs. After they did a few songs of Frankie’s, dragging ballads about lost loves, she looked over at us.

 

“Now we’re going to speed it up a little,” she said, winking at me, “And play an old favorite by Mr. Johnny Cash.” She said Cash with an affected drawl. Mom didn’t naturally have a drawl. She was from Idaho. (Thank goodness she didn’t name one of us that.) They played “Ring of Fire,” of course. Mom’s voice sounded okay. Sometimes she tried too hard to make it sound twangy and it went flat. The muscles in the back of my neck tightened when she leaned in too close to the microphone and it made a staticky humming sound. She looked at Frankie a lot when they were singing and went over to sing into his mic with him. It occurred to me that there was something going on between them. Did he come over to our apartment while we were gone during the day? Was he the source of the cigarette smell that I’d noticed a couple of weeks before, the time Mom said she didn’t know what I was talking about? She could have lied better than that. She could have just said Frankie came over to work on some music.

 

Mom’s hair glowed in the stage lights. It was long and red and curly, like Reba’s. It wasn’t naturally like that. Naturally it was straight and light brown, like mine. But Mom’s hair was part of what she called her “presence.” That and her sparkly eye shadow and the big gold earrings she wore. When I was a kid, I’d thought she was the most beautiful thing I’d ever seen, like a real fairy. That night, I saw that the sparkles over her eyes did nothing to conceal the bags beneath them. When she bent her head down to lean into the mic, you could see her brown and grey roots like a sad river down the center of her scalp. In her rhinestone cowboy boots and her long lavender dress, in the haze of cigarette smoke and the glare of the stage lights, Mom looked like something not quite real. She wasn’t quite real. She was something of her own creation.

 

That night, I saw through her caked-on makeup. She looked old. I realize now that she wasn’t that old. She was only thirty-seven the year I was sixteen. Not that old at all. But too old to start a singing career. Too old to be wearing sparkly eye makeup on a stage when her half-grown kids were in the audience. I looked at the people around us. Most of the audience was middle-aged, too, a mix of married couples trying to rekindle their dying love, divorcées on first dates trying to kindle new love, and alcoholics who were there not for the performance, but because they were there every other night of the week, too. This wasn’t where the music business people came to scout for talent on Friday nights. I looked at Ten, at his bright round face. He saw me looking and smiled. He still thought she was beautiful. He still believed in the magic. I tried to smile back at him, but my face felt like silly putty, all rubbery and stretched-out. It was ten o’clock when they’d started their set, already past the time he should be in bed.

 

The next morning (by which I mean noon) found Mom and me whisper-yelling in the kitchen, trying not to wake Ten up.

 

“Do you even know this boy at all?” she hissed.

 

“It’s a school project, Mom!” I said. “It’s worth twenty percent of my grade!”

 

“If you get pregnant,” she said, “Your life will be over.” She made a sweeping gesture in the air that I thought perhaps referred to her own life.

 

“MOM!” I said. “It’s not a date!”

 

“Well, I can’t watch Ten,” she said. “Frankie and I are re-recording some tracks over at Wild Oats.”

 

“Reschedule it!” I said. “Take Ten with you! He’ll be quiet.”

 

“Why don’t you reschedule, Indiana?” she said, in a scarily quiet voice. “You can do your project after school one day. This is my career we’re talking about.”

 

“Oh, Jesus Christ, your career!” I yelled. “What number demo is this, Mom?” I didn’t even get a chance to say anything about how I knew she was sleeping with Frankie. Ten came in with sleep-mussed hair and round eyes and said, “What’s going on?” and we both said, “Nothing.”

 

Mom went back to her bedroom and I could tell she was starting to cry, which made me even angrier, so I pulled five dollars out of her wallet and said to Ten, “Wanna go get ice cream and then go down by the river?”

 

When Dallas arrived, Ten was playing with Strawberry in the reeds on the edge of the river. He’d been delighted to go. He wanted to look for real frogs to be her friends.

 

“Do you think the river frogs will like her even though she’s a tree frog?” he’d asked. She’s not even a real frog, I thought, but my mouth was full of ice cream, so I had a good excuse not to say anything. I’d watched him kneeling there for some time, paddling her around in the ripples of the shallow water. The river was wide and green and fast. It was a warm day and people were out kayaking and the tourist cruise boats were full.

 

But then Dallas’s stoop-shouldered form appeared, and I was suddenly only aware of the way my sweaty palms were sticking to the plastic cover of the library book on my lap. I’d completely forgotten about sandwiches. I hoped he wouldn’t be mad.

 

Dallas raised a hand in greeting as he approached. He sat down on the opposite end of the bench I was sitting on. He pulled out a packet of cigarettes and shook one out, held it out to me. I shook my head.

 

“I forgot the sandwiches,” I said. “I’m sorry. We could go get some—after.” Dallas lit his cigarette and nodded once.

 

“That’s my brother down there,” I said, gesturing toward Ten, who was peering into the reeds a little way down the bank. “I couldn’t get out of watching him.” Dallas nodded again, leaned back on the bench, and blew smoke toward the sky. I suddenly realized that I couldn’t think of a single other thing to say to him. It was as if my mind had been wiped blank. If you’d asked me my name at that moment, I don’t know if I could have told you.

 

“So,” I said, after a long moment. “The Trail of Tears. You wanna do the side of the Native Americans or the side of the Jackson administration?” We were supposed to each pick a side.

Dallas had been looking out at the river. He looked at me with his gold-flecked eyes. “Trail of Tears, I guess,” he said. “Sounds cool.”

 

I stared at him, waiting to see if he was joking. He stared right back at me. Apparently not. The sunlight reflecting off his hair sure was beautiful, though.

 

“It’s all the Trail of Tears,” I said, trying not to sound impatient. “You have to pick a perspective to tell the story from. Andrew Jackson or the Cherokees.”

 

“Jackson,” said Dallas dreamily. “Stonewallllllll Jackson.” I stared at him. Was it possible that he’d paid no attention in history all year? Still, Albert Einstein hadn’t done well in school. I decided to take a different tack.

 

“So, Dallas,” I said. “What are you into, outside of school?”

 

“Nintendo. Basketball. Def Leppard.”

 

I glanced over at Ten, leaning over the reeds, looking for frogs. I was going to tell him to come a little closer, but then Dallas said, “So, are we gonna make out, or what are we doing here?”

 

“What?” I said. I think I was as shocked hearing that many words from him as I was by the content of them.

 

“Isn’t that what you wanted?” he asked. I thought the vein in my neck might explode, my pulse was suddenly pumping so hard.

 

“I—” I started to say.

 

“STRAWBERRY!” Ten’s shriek is something I cannot forget. The pitch of it, the raw, searing terror and grief. Before I could scream NO, before I even really had time to think it, my brother had thrown his small body into the river after his plastic frog.

 

He didn’t think; I know that. He thought only of the thing he loved most, the thing he couldn’t bear to lose. He did what he felt he had to do not to lose her.

 

I saw Ten’s head, an arm; I thought I saw his eyes looking wildly toward the sky, but who knows if that’s something real or something I imagined. The current was swift; his head, bobbing, was dark like a log drifting downriver.

 

“TEN!” I screamed. “TEN!” If you didn’t know, you’d think I was yelling out a score, a perfect score for diving, not for drowning in the river. People in boats looked at me at first like I was crazy, then they followed the line of my arm as I pointed at the water, at where I’d last seen his head, though I couldn’t see it anymore. I leaned out over the edge, my feet slipping and scrambling on the muddy bank. I wasn’t as sure as he was; I didn’t immediately fling myself into the water for the one I loved.

 

Dallas interpreted my flailing as preparation for a jump. He jumped in front of me and heaved me backward with a push of my shoulders, and I yelped as I felt my feet leave the ground. I thought I was falling in. We landed hard on the grass, Dallas on top of me, pinning me down. It knocked the wind out of me, so for a second all I could do was lie there, breathing frantically up at him. We were as close as we’d ever been and would ever be, but I barely even saw him. His hair, glowing in the sun, blinded me, and his dense odor of cigarette smoke burned my throat. As soon as I was able to get a breath, I shoved him off me and was back on my feet.

 

I searched the river for Ten, but I couldn’t see his head. There was a tourist boat in the process of trying to turn around to go after him, but it was too slow, clumsy in its bulk. On the deck, people were shouting, waving at me, but I just stood there and stared at them, my body rigid and motionless. What good did they think they could do? For those people, this was a story they’d be able to tell about their vacation, about that one day, oh, what a calamity, that poor little boy. For me, it was—“Oh, god, I see him!” I slapped at Dallas’s arm as I saw my brother’s round, pale face struggling to stay above water.

 

It was a crew team that got him. I watched them strain against the current, pulling hard on their paddles just to hold the boat in one place. The coxswain made an elegant little dive off the front of the boat, barely making a splash. He didn’t surface, and for a moment I thought he’d drowned, too. I couldn’t see that he’d come up on the other side of the boat, that he held my brother tight in his arms against the pull of the river. When the crew team leaned in and dragged a person into the boat, I thought it was the coxswain. He was small, too, though not as small as Ten. It was only when they heaved a second person into the boat that I realized the first body had been my brother’s. It wasn’t until I saw the oarsmen propping him up against their knees, his small body shaking and alive, that I began to cry.

 

When the crew team came to shore with Ten, when the ambulance came, I couldn’t even look at Dallas. I should have thanked him for anchoring me on the shore, so someone didn’t have to rescue me, too. But I felt that by wanting him, I had caused this to happen. If I hadn’t wanted him so badly, we would have stayed home; I would have kept my brother safe, far from the water. I watched two paramedics hold Ten upright while he coughed and coughed. I saw his small body heaving, his lips the deep blue-purple of a fresh bruise. I thought, If he lives I will never want anything again that is not for him. I will never ask for anything for myself. When I turn eighteen I will buy us a trailer out in the country. I will buy him a dog.

 

Dallas didn’t come in the ambulance. We left him there on the riverbank. When we met up the following week (for the second and last time), all he said about the incident was, “That was wild, huh? Hope the little guy’s okay.” The day of the presentation, I spoke for the Cherokees while he held up the poster I’d made, and then he said a few sentences (which I’d written for him) from Andrew Jackson’s point of view. We got a collective grade, a B minus, which dragged down my average for the whole year, but I didn’t care.

 

Before that, we sat in the blue light of the hospital, Mom and me, on either side of Ten, holding his hands while he slept. I moved my arm, and it rustled the papery sheets. I looked at him in apprehension to see if it would wake him, but it didn’t. They’d drugged him pretty good. The half-moons of his eyes, fringed by lashes, stayed closed. I looked across at Mom. Slow tears were sliding down her face, creating muddy mascara tracks on her cheeks.

 

“You have to give it up, Mom,” I whispered. “We need you at home. You’re supposed to take care of us.”

 

“What do you mean?” she asked.

 

“You know what I mean,” I said.

 

“I can’t,” she said. She shook her head vigorously, her red curls bouncing. They seemed so garish, so out of place, in that otherworldly light.

 

“Mom,” I said.

 

“You’re my stars,” she said. “I wanted it all for you.”

 

“You didn’t want it all for us,” I whispered. “You wanted it all for yourself.”

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Questions of Emotional Truth

The Grass Labyrinth: Stories, by Charlotte Holmes
BkMk Press (University of Missouri-Kansas City), 2016
160 pages, paper, $15.95

 

The Grass Labyrinth won the 2017 Independent Publisher Award (IPPY) gold medal for short stories and the 2017 gold medal for Indie Book of the Year in short stories from Foreword Reviews. You can hear Holmes read from the book here.

 

 

In “Coast,” the first story in this collection of nine interconnected narratives, Henry Tillman, a painter and children’s book illustrator, is staying with his wife, Lisa, somewhere on the coastline of South Carolina in a beachfront cottage that he inherited from a great aunt. We are privy to his thoughts as he ponders reading Rilke with a lover, painter Agnes Landowska; describes a spat with Lisa over making Thanksgiving dinner; and reflects on various liaisons, familial and otherwise. It’s significant that Henry narrates the first story: he is the cog around which many of the ensuing stories revolve.

 

The Grass Labyrinth is about relationships, how they form and unfold, twist and intertwine, sometimes fall apart and sometimes hold fast. Holmes takes the lives of a few related individuals and shows how various forces—art, love and death—affect how they treat each other. This book is also about the creative act—in the various forms of writing poems, painting portraits, photographing boulders—and its ramifications.

 

At one point in the opening story, Henry wishes Agnes were with him. “Maybe what I want is just to watch her take in the details of a place I know so well,” he thinks, “see them filter into her consciousness, and come back changed, infused with her own quirky vision.” As we read further into The Grass Labyrinth, this statement becomes relevant to the author’s vision. In some ways Holmes is describing her own narrative MO, a succession of appraisals of places and people—a fine filtering leading to revelations not so much quirky as compelling.

 

Lisa is the speaker in the second story, “Songs Without Words.” She fills out the details of a reference Henry made in the first story to the abortion she had early in their relationship, the memory spurred by a recent miscarriage that makes her feel cursed. Friends try to comfort her; she, in turn, pictures “a heaven populated entirely by children, floating in static like that of the TV screen when the stations go off the air.” She envisions her own lost children in that limbo, “each one as long as a cocktail shrimp.”

 

Holmes mixes engaging descriptions of settings with equally persuasive dialogue. Her stories are clearly planned, but they develop without one’s noticing the armature, even when the author pulls a flashback to fill in some bit of information. In this way, each piece in the book works on its own, yet plot and thematic strands woven through the stories serve as a kind of inter-generational DNA.

 

The story “Taken,” the longest in the collection, exhibits convincing authenticity in its rendering of the dynamics and intrigue at a retreat called the Colony somewhere in the woods of Pennsylvania. A 34-year-old poet, Rika Pratt (Agnes’s daughter), becomes involved with a painter, twenty-seven-year-old Ben Tillman (Henry’s son). Both have significant others—she, Ethan, a bookstore owner; he, Mattie, a photographer—which doesn’t stop them from testing the liaison waters.

 

The story deftly switches back and forth between the two of them as they size up each other. It’s a sometimes-tense tango that culminates in Ben’s studio where he unveils his work from the residency. Rika finds his realism disappointing and says so: “She’s long regarded photorealism as—to use her mother’s term—just dick-wagging. See what I can do?” Ben bridles at her critique. “Emotional truth?” he asks her, “What’s that?” It’s a question the author asks in one form or another throughout the book.

 

In “Erratics,” Holmes switches stylistic gears, building the story from a series of thirty-three short pieces, each with a numbered title: “Erratic #112,” “Erratic #35,” “Erratic #7,” etc. The format is inspired by a series of photographs that Mattie has taken of glacial erratics. These rocks left in random places by the glaciers serve as emblems for her and Ben’s fragmented lives, marked by miscommunication and stressful recollections. “You didn’t even know what an erratic was until I told you,” Ben tells Mattie at one point, adding, “And for a long time, you kept calling them eccentrics.” It’s one of a number of moments of appealing meanness.

 

The title story and its coda, “Provenance,” give the collection a strong one-two closing—not a climax or a tying-up of loose ends exactly, but rather an opening to new possibilities. Invited by Kerry, his father’s widow, to sort through his papers, Ben visits his childhood home, on Thanksgiving, to find his young stepmother planning to transform the front yard. Ben thinks The Shining, but the spiral design Kerry has in mind is a vehicle for meditation. It turns out to be an environment an outsider artist might have assembled, wonderfully peculiar.

 

Finding fault in what is an altogether rewarding read comes down to nitpicks. A few similes seem a stretch, such as likening a child’s round and clear syllabic calls of “co, co, co” to “crystal beads flung across a tabletop.” An occasional cliché wrinkles the prose: at one point, Agnes says, “Destiny is simply an excuse invented to explain bad choices and missed opportunities,” a fitting thought for the occasion, but one that rings a bit bromidic.

 

Returning to the opening epigraph from poet Charles Wright after finishing the book, one is struck by the aptness of his lines: “We live in two landscapes, as Augustine might have said, / One that’s eternal and divine, / and one that’s just the back yard.” Charlotte Holmes is a master of both kinds of landscapes and the men and women who inhabit them. She is a painter of place and passion. The Grass Labyrinth is an exceptional collection.

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After Kafka

 

“After Kafka” is a series of one-panel comics. Each picture is a visual interpretation of one of Kafka’s “shorter stories” from Franz Kafka: The Complete Stories. I first encountered Kafka’s work many years ago and found the reality within it to be strange, ridiculous, absurd, even impossible. Returning to Kafka’s work recently, I had a similar experience. Only this time, I had a strong connection with the unreality of it. Perhaps this is because I am older. Or, maybe it has something to do with the fact that I am now sober. Or, quite possibly, it has something to do with the current times. Whatever the reason, engaging with Kafka’s “shorter stories” provided me with pleasure upon pleasure. “After Kafka” is an attempt at honoring Kafka and his irresistible vision.

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Why

Because you were loved and resented

and read to and fed. Because someone

bought you books when you were good.

Because you were used by grown-ass

men. Because you never told and then

you did. Because your mother let you wear

her perfume. Because you didn’t fall

from the water tower in that speck

of a town and you didn’t die later

in the reservoir drunk on sloe gin.

You never had to learn to walk again,

there’s no cancer yet and your family

didn’t take vacations. Because you rode

in the bed of pickup trucks fast enough

to feel the sting of your sister’s hair

on your face. Because your father

was a drunk. Because you were poor.

Because your mother said so. Because

she said no. Because you snuck out.

Because you left. Because you fell in love

with a man and again with your children.

Because your dog died in your arms.
The fires are close. There are mud slides,
boulders losing purchase—a million
brutal ways for loved ones to leave you.

There’s a debt you’ll never pay down,

and it’s not that you know there’s honor

in trying, only that you were taught

by kind people who did their best,

to be grateful for what you have

and what you don’t and sometimes,

to ask for more.

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Visual Haiku

The photographs in these “visual poems” were taken with a Holga toy camera in the Far East; they represent research undertaken into Chinese and Japanese aesthetic principles and traditions of representation. The elements and principles of art have been used to translate the characteristics of Japanese short poetry – such as economy and the linking of dissimilar things – into the syntax of visual language. As wordless artworks, however. the poems consist entirely of the associations and allusions suggested by the images; the viewer / reader decides the meanings as the poems are open-ended and meditative, having floated free of words.

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For the City of Lincoln

I turn onto O Street

From 14th in the middle of the night

I see a streetlight bending beyond the shadow

Of its pole to kiss the asphalt

In the stomach.

 

This thing is going to happen again.

 

My muscles squeeze to a stop

My teeth rattle hallelujah in front of the African store

My heart halts at the red light

Pulling the season with him to a freeze:

 

This thing is happening again.

I reach for Vine all covered with fallen leaves now

Brown brown and dry dry

This lively fountain behind me shall die, soon

And that glee stream too,

Taking with him his running joy into the grave of ice

 

But I shall be here, still

Coiled in the folds of her sanctuary

Whiffing this rusting heart

Waiting

Warming

Counting

 

And kissing the sunshine in the cold of this Winter.

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Daily Monsters: Three Poems

Where the Wild Things Are, Too

I want to tell my daughter the monsters
moving in the night are her parents.
I am a bare-chested wildebeest—
a minotaur with broken horns—
mom is something more subtle
and serpentine. She will turn
intruders into stone.

 

We throw our voices against the cave wall.
We aim to confuse. We snuff out the flames.
We hope you sleep through oblivion,
the packed bags and misplaced phones,
the dental floss leading out of the labyrinth.
We hope you wait years before slaying us
and ripping our arms out of their sockets
just for the hell of it,

 

at least

 until morning’s light

 

bashes our heads in.

 

 

Kudzu Roots

Recent reports read that kudzu
roots are not so prevalent. That
the South’s monsters have been
exaggerated. And yet, in all
these black-and-white family photos,
our eyes shine green as Catholic Ireland.

 

The vines could not be harvested
and withered under blazing hoof-
beats and instead were planted
as a means for battling the wind—

 

In what forms were they ever really rooted?

 

Like anything foreign in one land
or the next, they grew from gardens
near the home, creeping in private
memories, around dinner plates
and bedposts, in the pastel soap
dish tucked beside the kitchen sink.
Like a latch key, a fleck of blood
no one knew existed turned some-
where in the night and gathered up
its seed, as a means for hiding some-
thing too sinister to be dissolved
in sweet tea and idle chatter.

 

These murmurs bleached their own
mythologies. The door standing ajar
permitted shadows to experiment
in either botany or prayer, and
the green monsters swallowing
alabaster moons dwindled
in rearview mirrors, until size
and shape were no larger than pup-
pets, with thumbs for ears—

 

Can I hitch a ride tonight?

 

The truck does not slow down for the man
standing on the shoulder, his arm
extended from the dark eaves
in an unanswerable optimism.

 

The vines choked the red brick
steeple, purple blossoms swinging
like bells in the morning light.
Kudzu roots tangled with our
heartstrings. The past has a name
flowing in the veins of the earth,
and the future hides in the shade
feasting on rows of broken church
pews and forlorn hymnal pages.

 

Do the words or the organ sound first?

 

The transient past bleeds into
the groundwater. They used to
spray herbicide on those vines
by the highway. Daddy laughed
at the wasted effort. When you plant
a seed, when the seed breaks open
to the will of the roots, then that wall
between was and is no longer stands
for anything. Perhaps the mighty vine
only swallowed a thumbnail “one-sixth
the size of Atlanta.” Well, anybody could still
hide a secret in a body that size, and any
body would still have a story to tell—

 

After picking suckers off tobacco stalks,
we would drink from an unwashed cup.
I could mine the metal in the cool drops;
the flavor of gold fillings in my grandpa’s mouth—
the sustenance of his words on my tongue,
his pronunciation of the word bum: as if
it could be pronounced bomb and
leave its meaning unchanged in the eyes
and ears of his captive children. The dogs
sniffed out the tiny bones near the lattice
wrapped in grapevines, but they found no
name for its toothless jaws.

 

Could you touch the nature of it if you rolled down the window—

 

or would you be left holding the sound of cicadas in bloom?

Speaking with Mammoths

We shiver in the Arctic
of the ICU.  These bodies
on beds like polar bears
with urine-colored fur.
They are noble, and they
are dying. Doctors
at a distance jot down notes.

 

His head is a weak vulture
on white sheets. His teeth
are yellow with cannibalism.
I watch him now with his
absence of speed and purpose.
He floats on his iceberg bed.

 

“Tell me about the mammoth!”
I almost scream, but his posture
is unnatural as he recedes
into the pillow. His life retreats,
but I can still feel the mass
of his piercing tusk—
that act of fire and blood.

 

Underneath the glacier’s thrust
are scars cutting the stone.
He is cold now, but he was colder
then—even as he blanketed my
body and devoured its shape
with child and marriage and
now this unnamed state.

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Composite

 

My passion for music, archaeology, and branding often shows up in my artwork. Much of my work features remnants of pop culture, with themes infused of spiritual, chronological, and ontological motifs. My work is created with a variety of media — typically ink, watercolor, and acrylic — as well as digital tools like Illustrator and Photoshop. Tinkering with a synthesis of hand-drawn sketches and digital manipulation, I continue to explore the rewarding, often meandering, paths to visual narrative.

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Language as Remembrance, Witness, Companion

In June the Labyrinth, by Cynthia Hogue
Red Hen Press, 2017
76 pages, paper, $17.95

 

 

Cynthia Hogue’s latest collection from Red Hen Press unfolds around a journey to the labyrinth at Chartres Cathedral undertaken as an elegiac pilgrimage. On this journey, Hogue maps a poetic space connecting grief and immortality, presence and immanence, love and loss. These connections demonstrate the power of language as remembrance, witness, and, ultimately, companion.

 

In June the Labyrinth begins following the death of Hogue’s mother and is dedicated to four of the poet’s friends who died in the subsequent two years of the book’s writing. As the poet begins the journey through the cathedral labyrinth, she transports the reader to an inner labyrinth of voices:

 

The difference between finding a way

and finding the way

 

is like that between not knowing

and having forgotten.

 

The spiraling movement of the labyrinth walk is layered with voices, primarily those of the I-speaker and the figure of the dying Elle, a strong female presence determinedly writing her “book of wisdom” until “she cannot hold her pen.” When Elle calls and a demon answers, Elle knows she is on her own:

 

This is the crux of her belief:

No one here to fall

back on but herself, she the wild,

and true blue, the only starry night.

 

Elle walks the labyrinth “meekly above ground / (there is a clearing in her heart).   A crunching sound / like wheels on gravel, a whirring / as of flight. A lifetime’s surrender.” The I-speaker, on the other hand, walks the labyrinth casting intuitive petals in the four cardinal directions as if to ward off the inevitability of Elle’s death. In the face of this loss, the speaker’s ritual creates poetically an opening of time into a space layered and timeless where self and other arrive as companions already loved, a place of healing.

 

With a generosity of spirit, an imaginative embodying of others within a self, and an inclusive carrying of lost beloveds within the human heart, Hogue’s poems demonstrate how language may transmute the experience of grief as habitation; they evidence the way a poem may become a form of visitation, embodiment, and possession which C. D. Wright called being “one with others.”

 

Hogue’s honed and spare language embraces innovative play with words misread, crossed out, called out, and sounded, giving the collection a vibrant texture. The poem “(“dehors et dedans”),” for example, begins with a fruitful misreading and then carves words out of themselves, a creative strategy that suggests, in this context, how “real” life remains “sliced from unreal” even as “life’s excluding” Elle and the speaker “cannot harbor / her.”

 

Outside is inside,

I misread Bachelard’s French

imagining Elle belonging when

 

life’s excluding her.

She will message me,

I think. But I cannot harbor

 

her. She is inside herself,

sliced from unreal, real,

as no from not.

 

A hope in the face of devastating loss is that Elle will “message me, I think.” The message is not a sure thing, yet if the speaker puts her mind to it, if she can imagine it, she may hear it. The power of memory and imagination connects the living and the dead. Embodied through Hogue’s language, it becomes a witness to the emotional and spiritual complexity of the grieving process:

 

being close enough to touch

differed from her distant love,

safely abstracted from presence.

Elle’s goodness found in her forgiveness.

 

Hogue achieves the flow and syncopation of the book’s startling music through her finesse with line, space, punctuation, and variations of form from tercets, quatrains, sestets and septets, to a hyphenated list, field composition, and prose. A subtle chiming rings through the book’s outer and inner worlds, which connect through sound and Hogue’s own aliveness as a poet.

 

One feels her urgency in seeking to understand and to reckon with the power of loss and death, particularly a daughter’s loss of her mother. Elle becomes the speaker’s familiar, an inner witness on the journey through a life learning to accept death through forgiveness:

 

Forgiveness is a labyrinth, a way,

 

going in this direction and not that,

 

the ethical route and heart’s root,

 

the core, of course, riddle of how

 

to cure the poison of the demon,

 

that bitterness which

 

bent her like a bell

 

until at last she sounded

 

sound.

 

Cynthia Hogue’s In June the Labyrinth is a stunning and unforgettable book. It is a letting in of grief rather than a letting go. Hogue’s poems demonstrate how one does not recover but rather uncovers and discovers truths about the other’s being in relation to oneself. Ultimately, these truths come to rest in language itself, in the poem embodied as a form of conscious companion.

 

 

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Postscript, Nighthawks

In the Spring 2017 issue of The Florida Review, we featured our 2016 Editors’ Awards winners and finalists,
including Robert Stothart’s near-fantastical yet thoroughly realistic essay “Nighthawks.”
For the beginning of 2018, we give you this postscript, which highlights the fragility of life,
yet the perseverance of friendship, fascination, and the healthy ability to look both
back and forward, and to keep our sanity through all kinds of soul-challenges.

 

My essay “Nighthawks” isn’t really about the bird itself; rather, it’s about what came to mind after seeing an extraordinary descent of nearly a hundred of those birds out of the sky and into our yard to catch tiny drops of water from our lawn sprinkler as smoke from wildfires all across the West reddened the sky at sunset. After The Florida Review published the essay, a box of extra copies arrived. I sent some out to friends across the country and delivered a few to neighbors along Owl Creek Road in Wyoming, where we now live.

 

Just a couple of days later, while walking east down our road, I found a nighthawk on the edge of the blacktop. This was shortly after sunrise, the low sun blinding, so I wasn’t sure what I was seeing at first. A road kill of some sort. A bird. But it looked alive, sitting in front of me, its wings crossed motionless across its back.

 

When I picked it up, I found the body flexible, unbroken, and unblemished. No blood, not even a bent feather. But dead. Its tiny claws, a delicate blue gray, intricately articulated for grasping, reached out motionless and empty. When I turned the bird over, tan and white chest stripes suggested some kind of little owl. Our road is aptly named, and there are some very tiny owls. But the head seemed much too small, and the beak tinier still, not at all owl-like. When I unfolded the long and pointy wings, I saw at once the bold white stripe across each. I knew then, without question: Nighthawk.

 

I wanted to take it home and preserve it, but not as a trophy. There are enough of those lifted out of the Wyoming landscape. I wanted to keep it so that I could look at it and think more about it. I wanted to study it in stillness after first seeing it in that great rush, down out of the sky. A totem perhaps, an animal that Claude Lévi-Strauss says is chosen not because they are “good to eat” but because they are “good to think.”

 

I studied the bird as I walked the last mile home, carrying it in a small nest that I made with my hands. I turned it over. The underside was geometrical with those parallel chest stripes, but over the dark wing edge onto the back, the geometry gave way to drab colors in wilderness chaos. The back and head blended in masterful dense, dark camouflage.

 

I walked through the door and briefly lifted the nighthawk to show my wife, but went immediately online to look up preserving dead birds, like looking up how to cook a turkey for one’s first Thanksgiving away from home. I worried that I’d have to cut it open and remove the internal organs, though I think I would have done that.

 

At first, I found information on preserving body parts—claws, heads, and wings. Then finally how to preserve a whole bird. A quick survey of instructions online made it look simple: spread a bed of borax in a tight box and pack the body of the bird under a thick mound of borax, then close the box for six weeks. The borax would apparently draw out and absorb all the body fluids. I stopped, however, when I noticed several websites warned that I might need a permit. Fines for possession of certain species are steep, even threatening significant jail time.

 

I called Game and Fish for Hot Springs County. They gave me the number to the office in Cheyenne, our state capital. The state capital said to call Denver and the Feds for our district in the Rocky Mountains:

 

Nighthawks are a protected species. Yes, you will need a permit even before picking up the bird.

 

I already picked it up. It’s right here on my desk.

 

You’re in violation.

 

Can I get a permit?

 

You already picked it up. You’re already in violation. Are you Native American?

 

No, but I worked for a tribe in Washington State for ten years.

 

Doesn’t count. Are you associated with a museum?

 

No, but I’ve been a member of the Buffalo Bill Center of the West since 2000.

 

Doesn’t matter. Would you be using this bird for educational purposes?

 

I just wrote an essay on nighthawks.

 

That’s a stretch. We have a backlog of permits right now. A permit will take at least two months. Will you be using the preserved bird for at least twelve presentations a year, each of which would require a written follow-up?

 

No. So what should I do?

 

You’re already in violation.

 

Should I put it back on the road? (I was kidding.)

 

If someone were to see you and report you, the fine would be substantial.

 

I live thirty miles out of town. I’m not going to put it back on the road. What should I do?

 

You should burn or bury the carcass.

 

Thanks for your help. 

 

I emailed my friend Rob Koelling. I’d sent him a copy of my essay. He loves birds with a passion and is skilled in observing them. He is a master at catching a distinctive image plucked from their flight or from their rest. He goes out taking their pictures whenever he can, in all lights and weathers. Recently, however, he has been at home caring for his wife, who is seriously ill. We haven’t seen each other for nearly three years. When I email him, he frequently replies with pictures of birds, some from his archives or some of birds he’s recently spotted off his back porch. He emails when he can, sometimes after long silences.

 

Within a few hours this time, however, I received this email:

 

Coincidence? I got out for the first time in a while to take some photos. I stopped by a dead cottonwood near the road to look at a western kingbird’s nest.  Then I noticed the nighthawk. It has been years since I’ve seen one of these guys sitting still.

 

He attached his picture:

 

 

Totem, from the Ojibwe, indoodem: my clan.

 

I took the nighthawk to a cottonwood that leans out over a dry wash, far back on our place. It’s near our south fence that borders grazing land of the Shoshone and Arapaho. I placed the small bird up in a sort of nest of twigs, shadowed with overhanging leaves. A Coast Salish man up near the Canadian border told me a long time ago that when you want something that you’ve found, something that seems left behind or abandoned, you need to put it in a tree overnight. I’d asked for a baby blanket that belonged to his two-year-old nephew for whom I’d just served as pallbearer. If it’s there the next morning, he said, you are supposed to keep and care for it. If it’s gone, you weren’t supposed to have it.

 

My granddaughter’s one-eyed dog followed me out to the cottonwood. I can see the tree from my back porch. The dog and I are the only ones who know where the nighthawk is.

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Driving East at Christmastime

My father is outside the car, hugging the guardrail on the I-35 bridge. Cars are honking. He’s under a lot of stress, Mom says, like we haven’t noticed this festering since Thanksgiving. We’re driving home from Fargo. The sun blinks through pregnant clouds, melting snow on the shoulder. Stay here, Mom says, like there’s someplace we can go. The car idles.

 

Hey, fag. My older brother, Kyle, punches my shoulder. I twist to return his blows, and he spits a Skittle that strikes the bridge of my nose. I swing at his face, but he ducks and pounds my thigh and yells, Charlie horse! My brother, Kyle, only fifteen, already a hyper-masculine caricature of his younger self, the Kyle who only a year ago planned D&D campaigns with me, whom I once believed would protect me from anything.

 

I can see Dad’s shoulders heave. Mom crouches next to him, rubs his back. Whispers into his hair.  Kyle unbuckles his seatbelt and climbs over me and into the driver’s seat, kicking at my face.

 

I ask him what he’s doing.

 

Getting away from you, he says.

 

I catch Mom’s eye, and she winks. It’s going to be okay, she’s saying, to all of us, to everyone on the freeway. My mother, the steadfast. Unfazed, as always. It’s going to be okay. I climb into the front passenger seat.

 

Dad is yelling at the clouds. Under stress. This all began when Grandpa—Mom’s dad—died. We were packing for the annual trip to visit Dad’s family in Wautoma when Mom’s phone rang. A stroke. Seventy but healthy. So of course, plans change. We head west instead of east. In Fargo, Dad called the office and said he wouldn’t be in on Monday. On Monday, they said come in or don’t come back. And, of course, he couldn’t. And he said as much, but they wouldn’t back down. So then there’s the stress of holidays plus death plus, now, what we can and can’t afford. He said we’ll need to cancel our summer vacation. That Christmas might be leaner this year. And Mom doesn’t even blink. A rock, always.

 

And then there was the flat tire on his motorcycle. The car broken into, the driver-side window smashed (still covered with fluttering plastic and duct tape). All this in the last month. So of course, after he received pity money from his widowed mother-in-law; and traffic has been stop-and-go for four hours; and at last there’s a respite, a sigh of collective relief: finally, let’s floor it; and then brake lights re-emerge like angry fireflies—of course he was going to snap.

 

It began with yelling, with cussing. And Mom whispering sternly: Jeffrey. And then he started smacking the roof, the dashboard. Alternating open palm and closed fist. And Kyle and me in the back seat, silent for once. And then he stormed onto 35 and left the door hanging open; 35, packed with its slow and stopped cars and Minnesota plates and Minnesota Nice yelling and honking, and he’s on the guardrail letting God know.

 

Cars begin veering around us, the gap between their fenders and our bumper shrinking with each pass. Kyle engages the emergency lights like he knows what he’s doing. He’s quieted, and the space in the car seems endless. I’m startled to feel lonely, to feel nostalgic for the times these trips weren’t so miserable, when we would lean our heads together and he’d read from The Two Towers or Dune.

 

I crack the window and press my face against the cool glass. Dad hasn’t moved. A cop pulls behind us on the shoulder, lights flashing.

 

Good afternoon, sir, Mom says. He’s just stressed is all, just stressed. You can understand. The cop’s stride is measured, and he hasn’t said a word. He tips his cap. My brother is holding his breath. There’s tension in the car I can’t grasp. It’s all above me, like I’m submerged beneath the Mississippi. But I’m buoying toward the surface, about to break through: Kyle’s hands are on the wheel. Everything registers at once like oxygen flooding my lungs. My parents on the shoulder. The cop, mid-stride. The car casting its long shadow across all lanes of stagnant traffic. The smell of a warm winter, of exhaust fumes and evergreens.

 

This is what will happen: Kyle will put the car in gear. We’ll jolt forward, the pedals unfamiliar beneath his adolescent foot. He’ll swerve, smash the taillight ahead of us. And we will be rear-ended by the impatience behind us. And the cop will ticket everyone, and traffic will crawl and crawl and crawl, and my father on the bridge will call a tow truck.

 

But first, the cop approaches my window. He instructs Kyle to turn off the vehicle, to please remove the keys from the ignition. But first, the sky sears open and heavy raindrops spill down. And my father, this large, aching man screaming at the sky, feels he has rent the heavens. He releases the railing and sits on the shoulder. He begins to laugh. It will be okay.

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Winter Solstice

Disruptive storms gather from and to
Even at the bottoms of eternal sequoias;
Hungry-lunging waters, numb-thumbed, virtues
Strongly up-lifting,
Strong spiritual boosts
Upon a time. The discerning solstice empties
The full tank of Morning without fading beam
Of overcast mauve, when the sky brightens to
Its generous gift. —Halt! Ever more chatter reveals
The only solstice of the renewable milky way.

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Interview: Ana Castillo

        
        

 

Ana Castillo is a much-celebrated voice in Chicana literature and feminism, or, as she puts it, “xicanisma,” a term she coined to describe a non-binary approach to the issues of gender, class, and race. Her publications include eight novels, one collection of short stories, five collections of poetry, a two-play volume, and a children’s book, and, as well as two books of nonfiction, the latest of which, Black Dove: Mamá, Mi’jo, and Me (Feminist Press, 2016), was recently out when this interview was conducted in November of 2016. She has also edited three collections of Latina/o literature and translated a Spanish-language adaptation of Cherrie Moraga’s The Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color, one of the touchstones of efforts to challenge the lack of women of color in the feminist movement. Her novel Sapogonia was named a New York Times Notable Book, and she has received numerous awards, including National Endowment for the Arts fellowships, a Before Columbus Foundation American Book Award, a Carl Sandburg Award, a Sor Juana Achievement Award, and the American Studies Association’s Gloria Anzaldúa Prize. She holds a B.A. in art from Northwestern Illinois University, an M.A. from the University of Chicago, and a Ph.D. from the University of Bremen, Germany, and was appointed the first Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Endowed Chair at DePaul University, as well has having taught at numerous other colleges and universities.

 

An excerpt from Black Dove appears in 41.2 of the print Florida Review, and the book is reviewed here in Aquifer.

 

Lisa Roney for The Florida Review:

I’ve admired your work for a long time, and the first thing I wanted to say was what a gripping read Black Dove is. Tell me about this book and about how it evolved for you.

 

Ana Castillo:

It’s a compilation of personal essays and memoir, and I distinguish the two things—the essays were written for a more general audience and with a theme in mind, and the memoir comes from a very much more personal place. The earliest one, which is also the leading one, is called “My Mother’s México,” and I wrote and published it in the early nineties—’94, I think it first came out. I always thought that I would do a collection of essays eventually called “My Mother’s México,” and it would be along the lines of being a daughter and having been my mother’s daughter and so forth, but as time went on my role in life became more as mother than as daughter. My mother passed on over twenty years ago, and I raised my son almost all his life as a single mother.

 

That’s a really important part of this book—being a single mother, being a brown woman in this country with a brown young man that was growing up. Whether or not a single mother can successfully raise a man is always in question. I think I did a good job as long as he was on my watch. He did well in school, he went straight through university, got his degree, he became a dad and was supporting his family during the recession, but then became very depressed and began to spiral. I didn’t really know what was going on—he’s already an adult at this point, in his mid-twenties, and has his own little family to take care of, so as a mother I’m a little bit more on the outside—and when he hit bottom he committed a senseless robbery—of an institution, unarmed. It felt like he was ejecting himself from the world of society, and that was really the catalyst eventually for much of what I wrote.

 

His voice is also included in the book from some of the letters we exchanged. We decided to share the story. We are in a country that that supports a multibillion-dollar prison industry. We find all kinds of people becoming felons at the time that my son was arrested—in Chicago, two governors of Illinois were in federal prison at the time!—but whereas those guys will come out and have their friends and their connections and they will have work and will have homes and places to go, many of our incarcerated, when they’re felons, they come out and then they have to face the challenge of not being given jobs that they’re qualified for. They have children, families to support and to house. They are not rented to, they can’t get a home, they can’t get loans. So, we are perpetuating a society in which we continue to castigate individuals, but sort of encourage them some in some cases to continue that cycle.

 

My story turns out to be a good one. My son came out, he was well, he was ready to take on his life, and he’s an awesome dad with a growing little girl, but he has had those challenges. It was because we wanted to share that story that that I decided to put this collection together.

 

TFR:

And there are ways in which that content and theme is supported even from the first word. I found the structure of the of the book quite moving because you set it up as it is a family saga, so right away you acknowledge it goes beyond you individually. There was this sense of family and people and community and the way they all work together.

 

I want to ask about to what extent that trauma of having your son incarcerated turned you toward the book-length memoir. You’ve been writing these pieces for some time about your mother and so on, but do you think that there was a way that this was a point where you felt, I have to speak as myself, not as a fictional character, about this kind of situation? Was it related to a different type of activism for you than fiction or poetry?

 

Castillo:

Yes, indeed. I think that it was. A big, big part of my life is having been a mother. It was something I chose to do. When I chose to become a mother, it was just before the precipice of when we begin to get U.S. Latinas recognized in this country as writers, as part of a generation of writers. So, I had to have a vision of myself being a mother—What does that mean? How does that change my life?—but, also, I’m not going to give up this vision of being a writer and being published in a country that has no history of that. Those things have been really important for me—being vocal and being part of this large community of Latinos and people of color in this country. My writing has been my form of activism. But my heart was so broken with my son being broken that ironically initially I couldn’t even write in my journal. I was that broken-hearted. I knew that the gods had given him and given me a second chance because he at least had not been killed and had not killed himself—and there were many opportunities in the society that I’m talking about in which that could happen to a young man of color, not only during his senseless criminal act, but he also as a teenager had been involved in graffiti and lost a lot of friends on the streets of Chicago. There’s “stop and search,” and my son had been beaten up by the police for no reason except getting off at the train station with a couple of guys, and maybe, maybe, if you acted up or responded, that’s what happened. So, this was building up, but I thought by the time he was a young family man in his late twenties, Well, we’re home free, and yet he had become this very angry man, as many males of color have a right to be.

 

This is where I was losing my voice, so to speak, as far as writing so that initially I couldn’t write at all about it. We came together—and we have some of that in this book—my son and I came together, interestingly enough, through our love of books and writing. There’s an exchange of excerpts of our letters in the book, how I began to reach out to him and bring him back. There was a lot of cognitive dissonance beforehand, no connection. He played cello in high school, but he didn’t talk about music and he didn’t know how or want to play music anymore—just gone. So, how do we begin to have conversations and discussions? We did that through books. He would ask for books, and I sent them to him, and I would read them.

 

In the process of this we shared Charles Bukowski—he wanted to read Bukowski’s poetry, and I read his prose. It kind of inspired me, and, in the process of this moment, I actually whipped out a novel called Give It to Me, which was published by the Feminist Press, and it was so far away from what I was experiencing—this sort of (I hope) funny, really quirky story where she [the main character] was having a lot of sex in the midst of this crazy, old politics. It was just like, Let me escape. So, I did that. I got the writing going again, the fiction.

 

Eventually, we decided to share our story because we do have a lot of communities across the board—racially, because of gender or religion, or otherwise demographically—that are made ashamed and are being punished by this culture.

 

TFR:

Even often there is that sense of Well, if you’re a well-behaved person of color, this isn’t gonna happen to you. I was very glad and moved that you went out on the limb and said, No, I did everything right, and it didn’t matter. My son was still subject to these forces, and he did everything right—he went to college, he was taking care of his family, and yet there was still this justifiable anger that had to come out somehow.

 

Castillo:

And at no time does he or do I excuse his behavior. He went out and he committed a senseless robbery, though he did not threaten anybody. It was the accumulation of anger that he had felt toward the system and what was going on—this was during the fallout with the banks and everything else that was happening. It’s not to excuse breaking the law.

 

By the same token, I talk about the fact that I know that he smoked weed, which I don’t have a moral objection to or anything, and some of this was self-medicating. Again, I’m not making excuses, I’m not saying it’s okay. I had taken him to Amsterdam when he was in college—I did a reading in Germany, and we went off to Amsterdam—so, it’s okay if you’re in Colorado, it’s okay now in California, but if it’s not okay don’t get caught with it. Once again, it’s no excuse if you get caught with it, and that was part of what was going on with him at that time, a resentment over the hypocrisy.

 

Nevertheless, [as a society] we’re not looking at the constant harassment of people of color. In this case, as a mother of a son, I’m looking at men being harassed and what happens. Again, it’s not to justify some reaction that’s illegal, but this is who you’re forming. I grew up as a brown girl in Chicago, and I had a lot of anger throughout my twenties. I actually went to graduate school at the University of Chicago, so I was a bright, self-motivated woman, but was always getting stopped, even then, by police, with your standard excuse about the taillight to ask you about your papers. It builds up in people.

 

TFR:

It does, absolutely. I’ll come back to the social commentary aspects, but I wanted to ask about how, even though there is anger and tragedy woven through this book, and also a kind and also a mystical tone that is quite beautiful and poetic, there’s also the sassy in it as well and little moments of humor. Could you comment about the role of humor in the book and how you see that? Was it something that you worked on or was it just something that came out of you naturally as a sort of antidote or complement to the other emotions that this book so strongly brings?

 

Castillo:

You know, writing funny is very hard. Writing humor is difficult, and when I when I knocked out Give It to Me, I really needed some levity my life. It was tragic—I was comparing my son in my head to, like, Odysseus, though he’s not a king and not a hero, but the mother ends up in Hell. I often come up with these connections in my head, and so I twist that and find irony—more than funny, I look for irony. That’s important, when you’re telling a story, whether it’s a quote-unquote true story, nonfiction, or you’re making up a story, and you’re giving it to the reader, you’ve got to have some moments of levity to give the reader a respite, a little island, an oasis. I’m happy that the book has some of that, not necessarily always together in the same essay but in other places.

 

My aunt, my mother’s sister, was always and remains a very colorful character, and certainly because of her joie de vivre, which she was born with, I was able to get a little levity to balance my mother’s somber personality. In the book, I talk about the influence of my aunt in my life and the things that I saw with her—the flirtation, her love of cooking, her flair for dressing, and so on—and all despite her very humble lifestyle. I think that there’s part of that in my personality, and this is how I can get through life—by thinking of the irony of certain situations.

 

At the same time, as a writer, even as a poet, you have to give your reader a break. If it’s pretty relentless but it has to be told, you have to have a host a little way-station for people so that they can catch their breath and then go on

 

TFR:

And maybe for yourself as a writer, too.

 

Castillo:

Absolutely.

 

TFR:

Speaking of your Tía Flora’s personality, there is a video of you online, in which you talk about how important Germaine Greer was to you in bringing up for you that challenge of being happy as a woman in our society, and I thought that the portraits of your somber grandmothers and mother contrasted really with the indomitable, lively portrait of Flora. What do you think about the balance of those different influences on you?

 

Castillo:

Just let me say that my Tía Flora is eighty-six. She’s outliving everybody. This just made me think about it. Maybe there’s something to that ability to laugh through all kinds of hardships. She had by no means an easy childhood in México City. She was orphaned, she married young, her husband was killed, she had two children at that time. She came to Chicago, became a seamstress in a little kind of quasi-sweatshop factory in the Mexican neighborhood there, her second husband became an alcoholic, and by then she had five children. All this time, this lovely person has a flair, as I said, for carrying herself like Queen Nefertiti down the street.

 

How she influenced me—since I knew her from when I was very small when she came from México City—was having that contrast in her personality. I like clothes and I like fashion, but it wasn’t necessarily encouraged anywhere around me. Dance music. Having a nice margarita. I learned about a margarita from my aunt. [Laughs.] Back in her in her kitchen, she used to make them in martini glasses when I was a kid. While she’s cooking for everybody, she’s happy with the radio on.

 

I think it’s really important for all of us, but particularly, I would say, for girls to have that balance and to be able know that they are not just lovable but they can embrace all of who they are. That means it’s great to have a brain, which I am happy that I celebrate, and I work at that, but it’s okay to be lovely and enjoy all the other things that I am as a woman.

 

TFR:

You mentioned Clarice Lispector, a writer whose works Near to the Wild Heart and Apple in the Dark I’m fond of. My writing teacher Paul West introduced me to her work.

 

Castillo:

Hour of the Star is my favorite. They made a wonderful movie of it, too, some years ago. It’s really beautiful.

 

TFR:

Paul was a great teacher, and he was insistent that we needed to read beyond the borders of the traditional U.S. territory. He inspired us to read widely and internationally. You’ve often spoken about a lack of Chicana role models in your education. I was wondering to what extent you see your work connected to the Latin American literary tradition—the strong tradition of Gabriel García Márquez, Jorge Amado, Borges, Cortázar, Vargas Llosa—or has it been more about building a new tradition here in the U.S.?

 

Castillo:

I can only speak for myself—I was a self-taught writer. I didn’t go through an English department program or Spanish department program or literature or MFA program. At the University of Chicago for graduate school, I got into their very new, at that time, Latin American Studies program, but it was seen as political science, so I saw myself doing something else other than writing, even though I was writing. Aside from the political interests that I had, I also did visual art, so I thought, if anything in the arts, I was going to be a painter. I started looking at poetry and literature sort of visually.

 

The [Spanish-language] literature that was being translated and brought to this country at that time was from the Latin American boom. Before I really saw myself as ever becoming a fiction writer—although on the side I liked to write little stories and wrote my poems—I was reading Jorge Amado, I was reading Cortázar. My first novel is dedicated to Julio Cortázar, so people think that he was my big influence, when actually I was reading everybody, all these guys, and I had this idea to do something like Julio Cortázar had already done [laughs]—because they’re very innovative. They were doing all kinds of things, not just what was later called magical realism, but playing with structure and so on. So, yes, indeed, we, by all means, have that connection—I think of Carlos Fuentes, too. I looked to them also because of the Catholicism, with the history of our families and legacies, there were a lot of connections along those lines.

 

I do believe, also, that, in time, as U.S.-Latino/a literature start to rise up—and certainly by now it’s made its claim in the world—there was also a reciprocation. By the mid-nineteen-eighties, Chicana feminists were having conversations with Mexican feminists, and so there was initially a very strong, deliberate contact and communication and encouragement going both ways, even though we wrote in English and even though we were considered privileged Yankees. [Laughs.] The irony was that most of us came from working-class backgrounds. We were dark-skinned, dark-haired girls, and these women writers [in México] had European last names, privileged backgrounds and education, and were multi-lingual. They wrote in French and in English [as well as Spanish], and we were just writing our English that we knew from our Chicago Public School System. But there was that connection that we have a history of colonialism, through the history of the conquest of México and South America, so, yes, I do see that. I’m very happy that to some degree at least, even though very few of my books are available in Latin America, that I am seen as having that connection with Latin America and the Caribbean, too.

 

TFR:

You’ve also spoken in the past a bit about living life “on the hyphen,” a term, I believe that was coined to describe Cuban-American experience, but that has been used in a variety of ways since then to describe positions that combine nationalities, but also being multi-lingual, bi-sexual, and so on. My sense is that in the literary world this has come, more and more, to be seen as a positive quality that also has influenced our literature with the mixing of boundaries of genre and form and so on, as in the inclusion of the letters you exchanged with your son in Black Dove. Have you experienced any change in attitude, an acknowledgement of the positive nature of hybrid spaces and forms?

 

Castillo:

It’s a reality. But it depends on who you’re talking to. I’m feeling today [November 20, 2016] a little less optimistic about those views. Particularly with the idea that if there is going to be a tone in this country about people who have quote-unquote immigrated here—whether or not they actually have immigrated—and we begin to do racial profiling, then, no, it will definitely not be seen as a positive. If we’re going to start questioning women’s rights, some of the progress that’s been made for women and our roles as women, and if we’re going to start questioning same-sex rights, then, no, it’s not going to be seen as a positive. Indeed, I think a lot of that negativity is as being brought forth, and if it’s viewed as validated and affirmed by our leaders, then, of course, those people who are in disagreement with our rights are going to feel happy—they are feeling happy—to come to the forefront.

 

Prior to that feeling, to some degree, yes, I did feel that we have made enormous amount of strides, thankfully, and not just in this country, but in the world, especially when we’re talking about women’s rights and the rights of transgendered, queer-identified individuals, moving away from the binary view, after so long of a very skewed view of what it was to be American. I think that I look as American as anybody can look, since I look very indigenous, and yet, of course, I’m always asked, Where you from? Where you from? Where? I was just asked

here by a writer in the authors’ lounge who came up and introduced himself, and the first or second thing he said to me was, “What country are you from?” I told him, “Chicago.” [Laughs.] He had a Bernie T-shirt on, so I was really surprised.

 

TFR:

You are a writer who’s had a long-term activist consciousness, so what can you tell me about our current moment and the role of writers in it? Not that I want to burden you with having all the answers, but I’ve been asking everyone this—what does this time imply for writers? Has the current climate affected your writing?

 

Castillo:

I’ve been writing and publishing for four decades, and I remember the night that Reagan was elected—I wanted to leave the country then, but I didn’t. Someone brought this up recently and said, “Well, you went through Reagan,” and I said, “Yes but this has been a progression with the Republican party, and Reagan wasn’t an overt misogynist. We all know he adored Nancy, and his son was gay. He was an old-school gentleman, although he was a major imperialist. That speaks for itself, but this is moving in an unprecedented direction.

 

I feel devastated emotionally, morally. I know that Trump did not win the popular vote. But, it’s all very unbelievable. Some of the Republicans are also in shock that that’s their new leader, so there’s a dream that some people have that this term cannot last. Let’s see how much damage he’ll do before that might happen. With all of that in mind, I’m trying my very best personally to, as Obama said, get over my moodiness, to stop feeling sorry for myself, to get up and do something.

 

This moment is shocking. It’s shocking when you’re a woman walking around, catching a bus, or your children are in school being harassed. If you’re being protected by the Secret Service or leading a very protected life, maybe you’re not realizing what happens to people in their everyday experience. So, I’m in these past ten days trying to move from that shock, that sucker-punch that the electoral vote gave us and telling myself that I have to remember who I’ve been, why I’ve been writing all these years, and that I cannot be afraid to speak out. If that’s all I do—if I just speak out, if I respond to some of the invitations I get to write for people’s blogs or their zines—I have a zine myself—La Tolteca: Promoting the Advancement of a World without Borders & Censorship—I’ve been doing it for about six, seven years now. I feel like I have to do that. I can’t be afraid, and that’s all I can do. I can do other things—you donate money to organizations you believe in, if you can go march you can go do that, anything at all, including lighting candles and incense and praying to whomever you pray to. Whatever it takes for you to lift yourself up to do it—that’s what I think each of us has to do. And be there for each other.

 

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Meditation on the Purpose of Art Making

In my works, I attempt to capture some of the narratives that I heard from first-hand accounts while volunteering on Lesvos Island in Greece in December of 2016. What I’ve discovered thus far, is that the refugees are from all around the world, rather than only being from Syria as depicted in the media. I have also come to discover that the news coverage on the topic is often sensationalized, and even sometimes re-enacted for the sake of reporting. The stories of the local villagers and the volunteers seem often forgotten or ignored, and the refugees are used in narratives that sometimes are simply not true. More importantly, I wish to capture the humanitarian tale amongst this crisis, hoping that in turn, my viewers can be inspired to assist refugees or anyone who has suffered a great loss due to manmade or natural disasters.

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