{"id":6813,"date":"2022-04-04T09:00:19","date_gmt":"2022-04-04T09:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/floridareview.cah.ucf.edu\/?post_type=article&amp;p=6813"},"modified":"2022-04-04T09:00:19","modified_gmt":"2022-04-04T09:00:19","slug":"poisons-and-medicines","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/cah.ucf.edu\/floridareview\/article\/poisons-and-medicines\/","title":{"rendered":"Poisons and Medicines"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right\">\u201cAll things are poisons, and nothing is without poison; only the dose makes a thing not a poison.\u201d<br \/>\n\u2013Paracelsus<\/p>\n<p>During rituals of divination,<br \/>\nMayan sorcerers and healers<br \/>\ninduced risky hallucinations<br \/>\nwith <em>Brugmansia candida,<\/em><br \/>\nangel\u2019s trumpet. The poison<br \/>\nin its white, waxy flowers<br \/>\nand dark green leaves,<br \/>\ningested or absorbed through<br \/>\nthe body\u2019s mucous membranes,<br \/>\ncauses convulsions, paralysis,<br \/>\ncoma, and death.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To dilate the pupils of their eyes<br \/>\nand bring a flush to their cheeks,<br \/>\nfashionable ladies in medieval Europe<br \/>\ndrank juice pressed from the berries<br \/>\nand leaves of <em>Atropa belladonna,<\/em><br \/>\nthe deadly nightshade.<br \/>\nTo enhance their beauty,<br \/>\nthey risked their lives with a poison<br \/>\nused since antiquity to alter potions<br \/>\nand tip arrows with lethal results.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Our ancestors felt more closely<br \/>\nthan we the embrace<br \/>\nof science and mystery.<br \/>\nWe are still looking<br \/>\nfor the boundary.<br \/>\nChemicals crossing<br \/>\nthe blood-brain barrier<br \/>\ncreate effects in the brain<br \/>\nthat achieve results in the body,<br \/>\naltering perceptions<br \/>\nof pleasure and pain.<br \/>\nReliever of illness<br \/>\nor harbinger of death<br \/>\nis a matter of degree.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Digitalis from foxglove,<br \/>\nlily of the valley, and oleander<br \/>\nstrengthens the heart\u2019s contractions<br \/>\nwhile causing blurred and double vision<br \/>\nand hallucinations.<br \/>\nTaxol from the bark of the Pacific yew<br \/>\ndestroys cancers of the breast<br \/>\nand ovaries but harms the liver.<br \/>\nAlthough it induces nausea,<br \/>\nvincristine, an alkaloid<br \/>\nfrom Madagascar periwinkle,<br \/>\nis the reason why most children<br \/>\nwith leukemia now survive.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>For the stomach spasms<br \/>\nI suffered as a child,<br \/>\nI was prescribed a daily dose<br \/>\nof a chalky green medicine<br \/>\ncontaining belladonna alkaloids<br \/>\nand phenobarbital<br \/>\nto prevent nausea and relax me.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Derived from salicin<br \/>\nin willow bark and meadowsweet,<br \/>\naspirin reduces inflammation,<br \/>\neases headache, and lowers fever.<br \/>\nYears ago, my great-aunt, sick of life,<br \/>\nswallowed the entire contents<br \/>\nof a bottle and bled to death.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Our ancestors felt more closely \/ than we the embrace \/ of science and mystery.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":6814,"template":"","categories":[9,49,119],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6813","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aquifer","category-literary-features","category-poetry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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